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Pharmacology > Antibiotics for Specific Conditions > Flashcards

Antibiotics for Specific Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

What is your treatment of choice for moderate pneumonia (no pen. allergy)

A

Amoxicillin and clarithromycin

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2
Q

What is your treatment of choice for severe pneumonia (no pen. allergy)

A

Co-amoxiclav and clarithromycin

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3
Q

What is your treatment of choice for severe pneumonia in a patient who is penicillin allergic?

A

Clarithromycin and teicoplanin

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4
Q

What is your treatment of choice for infective exacerbation of COPD with non-pneumonic symptoms?

A

Amoxicillin or doxycycline

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5
Q

What is your treatment of choice for aspiration pneumonia and why?

A

Co-amoxiclav - it has good anaerobe cover

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6
Q

What is your treatment of choice for infective exacerbation of COPD with pneumonic symptoms?

A

Amoxicillin

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7
Q

What is your treatment of choice for recurrent infections in a patient with COPD?

A

Co-amoxiclav

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8
Q

What is your treatment of choice for mild - moderate cellulitis (no penicillin allergy)?

A

Flucloxacillin

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9
Q

What is your treatment of choice for severe cellulitis (no penicillin allergy)?

A

Benzylpenicillin and flucloxacillin

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10
Q

What is your treatment of choice for cellulitis in a patient with penicillin allergy?

A

Clindamycin

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11
Q

Which bacteria are you trying to target in necrotising fasciitis?

A

Group A streps.
Clostridium perfringens
Anaerobes

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12
Q

What is your treatment of choice for necrotising fasciitis?

A

Benzylpenicillin + ciprofloxacin + clindamycin

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13
Q

What is your treatment of choice for MRSA tissue infections?

A

Teicoplanin

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14
Q

What is your treatment of choice for bites?

A

Co-amoxiclav

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15
Q

What is your treatment of choice for septic arthritis / osteomyelitis (no penicillin allergy)?

A

Flucloxacillin + Sodium fusidate

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16
Q

What is your treatment of choice for septic arthritis / osteomyelitis in a penicillin allergic patient?

A

Clindamycin

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17
Q

Which organism causes osteomyelitis in sickle cell patients?

A

Salmonella

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18
Q

What is your treatment of choice for native valve endocarditis (no penicillin allergy)?

A

Amoxicillin + gentamicin
If viridens group strep. is confirmed, use benzylpenicillin and gentamicin

2 weeks combination IV treatment, then switch to oral regime of amoxicillin for further 4 weeks

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19
Q

What is your treatment of choice for infective endocarditis in an IVDU?

A

Flucloxacillin

20
Q

What is your treatment of choice for infective endocarditis in a new prosthetic valve?

A

Teicoplanin + gentamicin + rifampicin

21
Q

What is your treatment of choice for native valve endocarditis in a patient with penicillin allergy?

A

Teicoplanin + gentamicin

22
Q

What is your treatment of choice for gastroenteritis caused by E. coli, salmonella, or shigella?

A

Ciprofloxacin

23
Q

What is your treatment of choice for gastroenteritis caused by campylobacter?

A

Clarithromycin (or another macrolide)

24
Q

What is your treatment of choice for gastroenteritis caused by C. difficile?

A

1st line = Metronidazole (oral) 10-14 days
2nd line = Vancomycin (oral)
3rd line = Metronidazole and vancomycin in combination
4th line = Fidaxomicin

25
Q

What is the treatment of choice for a patient with gastroenteritis who has recently been to Africa or the Middle East?

A

Ciprofloxacin

26
Q

What is the treatment of choice for a patient with gastroenteritis who has recently been to Asia?

A

Azyithromycin

27
Q

What is the treatment of choice for a giardia infection?

A

Tinidazole OR metronidazole

28
Q

What is your treatment of choice for peritonitis (no penicillin allergy)?

A

Cefuroxime and metronidazole

29
Q

What is your treatment of choice for peritonitis in a patient who is penicillin allergic?

A

Ciprofloxacin and metronidazole

30
Q

What is your treatment of choice for mild-moderate diverticulitis, cholangitis or cholecystitis (no penicillin allergy)?

A

Co-amoxiclav

31
Q

What is your treatment of choice for severe diverticulitis, cholangitis or cholecystitis (no penicillin allergy)?

A

Cefuroxime and metronidazole

32
Q

What is your treatment of choice for diverticulitis, cholangitis or cholecystitis in a patient who is penicillin allergic?

A

Ciprofloxacin and metronidazole

33
Q

List 5 drugs which may be used in an uncomplicated UTI

A 
Trimethoprim
Nitrofurantoin
Amoxicillin
Ciprofloxacin
Cefadroxil
34
Q

Which 2 drugs are safe in pregnancy for UTI?

A

Amoxicillin

Cefadroxil

35
Q

What is the drug of choice for pyelonephritis (no penicillin allergy)?

A

Cefuroxime

36
Q

What is the drug of choice for pyelonephritis in a patient who is penicillin allergic?

A

Ciprofloxacin

37
Q

Which drug would you add for pyelonephritis in a patient with septic shock?

A

Gentamicin

38
Q

What is the first line drug in the community for a patient with suspected bacterial meningitis?

A

IM benzylpenicillin

39
Q

What is the first line drug in hospital for a patient with suspected bacterial meningitis?

A

IV ceftriaxone

40
Q

What would you add to the treatment for bacterial meningitis if you suspected encephalopathy was possible?

A

Aciclovir - herpesvirus is a likely cause

41
Q

What would you add to the treatment for bacterial meningitis if you suspected pneumococcus was likely?

A

Dexamethasone

Beware - this can worsen meningococcal meningitis so it’s important to differentiate the two!

42
Q

What would you add to the treatment for bacterial meningitis if you suspected Listeria was possible e.g. in immunocompromised?

A

Ampicillin

43
Q

What is the first line drug for a patient with bacterial meningitis who is penicillin allergic?

A

Chloramphenicol

44
Q

What is the treatment of choice for neutropaenic sepsis?

A

Piperocillin-tazobactam and gentamicin

45
Q

What would you do if a patient with neutropenic sepsis has not responded to treatment within 48 hours?

A
  • Consider escalating regime to meropenem
  • Add teicoplanin for good staphylococcus cover
  • Add anti-fungal agent

Pharmacology (7 decks)

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