Antibodies In Medicine

Question 1

What are monoclonal antibodies used for?

Answer 1

1. Target anti-cancer drugs to cancer cells

2. Pregnancy tests

Question 2

Describe a direct ELISA test:

Answer 2

1. Antigens bound to well plate.
2. A detection antibody with an enzyme attached is added to well plate.
3. If antigen is complementary then will bind.
4. Well is washed out to remove unbound antibody.
5. Substrate solution added, colour change = positive presence of antigen.

Question 3

Describe an indirect ELISA test:

Answer 3

1. Antigen added to bottom of well in well plate.
2. Sample added, antibodies will bind to antigen if present. Well washed out.
3. Secondary antibody with enzyme attached is added which attaches to first antibody. Well washed again.
4. Substrate solution added which will react with the enzyme and cause a colour change which is a positive result.

Question 4

What are ethical issues surrounding monoclonal antibodies?

Answer 4

Animal rights