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Flashcards in Antibody Deck (35)
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1
Q

What is the difference between an Fc and a Fab region?

A

Fab= Fragment for antigen binding

Fc doesn’t bind. its conserved.

2
Q

F(ab)2 has a valance of…

A
  1. It can bind 2 antigens.

Fc has a valance of 0.

3
Q

The part of the antigen that interacts with the antibody is known as the.

A

Epitope.

4
Q

What is the purpose of the sugar in between the 2 heavy chains?

A

It keeps the chains from collapsing on each other.

5
Q

Give an example of a use for an Idiotype antibody

A

In auto immune diseases such as Graves. You could create an idiotype to bind to the variable region of the self binding antibody, thus creating a antibody against the antibody,

6
Q

Which type of antibody forms dimers?

How many peptide strands are on it?

A

IgA

4 Light
4 Heavy
1 J
1 Secretory

10 Total

7
Q

Which type of antibody forms a pentamer? What is the valance?

A

IgM M=macro

10

8
Q

Humoral immunity is…

A

Antibody immunity.

9
Q

What is an immune complex?

A

Antibody+Antigen

10
Q

Which antibody is the first responder to a new antigen?

A

IgM because it activates compliment protein C1g.

11
Q

What is the only antibody the human fetus can make?

A

IgM

12
Q

What is the concentration and half life of IgG? What is unique about IgG

A

1000mg/dL

3 weeks

It crosses the placenta.

13
Q

Where would you most likely find IgA?

A

In mucosal layers of the body

14
Q

Where would you most likely find IgD?

A

As receptors on B cells

15
Q

What does IgE do?

A

Helps mediate Parasites.

16
Q

What is the sequence of activation in the compliment cascade?

A

1,4,2,3,5,6,7,8,9

Note the 4*

17
Q

T/F the alternative pathway of the compliment cascade is innate immunity.

A

True.

It is not activated by antibodies but rather bacteria.

18
Q

Which complient proteins become the Membrane attack complex?

A

6-9.

The MAC will punch holes in the foreign body

19
Q

What is opsonization?

A

Where a Polynuclear Macrophage eats a bacteria because of the IgG “handles” that bind to the antigens.

20
Q

What is responsible for the chemotactic response for polymorphonuclear neutrophils

A

C5a

21
Q

What is responsible for the anaphylatoxic response in the compliment cascade?

A

C3a C4a C5a.

Release histamine from mast cells and basophils

22
Q

On an electrophoresis separation of blood plasma, what is seen from + to -? Where are antibodies located?

A
\+
Albumin
A1
A2
B1
B2
Gamma** antibodies here
-
23
Q

Which chain of an antibody is responsible for its classification?

A

The H-chain (gamma, alpha, mu, epsilon, delta)

24
Q

Kappa and lambda chains are associated with ___________ and (do or do not) change during cell switching.

A

Kappa and lambda chains are associated with LIGHT CHAIN and DO NOT change during cell switching.

25
Q

What are the concentrations of IgG IgA IgM in serum?

A

1000-G
200-A
100-M

26
Q

Which antibody can cross the placenta,
activate complement, involved in allergic diseases, “first line of defense”, and most resistant to
enzymatic digestion.

A
Placenta- IgG
Compliment- IgM, IgG
Allergy- IgE
Digestion protection- IgA
First line of defense- IgM
27
Q

What mediates the lectin pathway of the compliment?

A

Mannose Binding Protein MBP or MBL.

MBP takes the spot of C1 in the classical cascade.

28
Q

What are the 4 actions of compliment?

A
  1. Lytic - MAC (membrane attack complex)
  2. Opsinization -FcR (Fc Receptor for phagocytosis)
  3. Chemotactic- C5a
  4. Anaphyltoxic- C3-5a
29
Q

What is/are the key component of the Lytic compliment?

A

Lytic - MAC (membrane attack complex)

30
Q

What is/are the key component of the opsinization compliment?

A

Opsinization -C3 activation FcR (Fc Receptor for phagocytosis)

31
Q

What is/are the key component of the Chemotactic compliment?

A

Chemotactic - C5a

32
Q

What is/are the key component of the Anaphyltoxic compliment?

A

Anaphyltoxic- C3-5a

33
Q

What is a toxoid?

A

An altered form of a toxin that the body can use to develop Antibodies towards. The antibodies work on the active toxin.

34
Q

What changes during “class switching” of antibodies?

A

the Heavy Chain C domain.

35
Q

Which compliment protein polymerizes and punches holes in the bacteria?

A

C9