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UNRS 212 > Anticoagulant Therapy > Flashcards

Anticoagulant Therapy Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Use

A

Prophylaxis & DVT treatment

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2
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Action

A

DIRECT: potentiates action of antithrombin & inactivates factor Xa

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3
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Onset

A

unknown

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4
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Duration (after discontinued)

A

24 hours

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5
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Treatment

A

Usually short term

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6
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Route

A

Subcutaneous (SQ)

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7
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Lab Test

A

Not required

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8
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Normal Times

A

N/A

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9
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Therapeutic Levels

A

N/A

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10
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Adverse Effects

A

Bleeding, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT, 25%)

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11
Q

enoxaparin (Lovenox) Antidote

A

Protamine Sulfate

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12
Q

heparin Use

A

VTE (PE & DVT) treatment. Prevents worsening, no effect on existing clots.

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13
Q

heparin Action

A

INDIRECT: Enhances inh. Fx of anti-thrombin III, prevents activation of clotting factors

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14
Q

heparin Onset

A

SQ = Rapid: 20-60 min; IV = immediate

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15
Q

heparin Duration

A

SQ = 12-24 hrs; IV = 2-6 hrs

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16
Q

heparin Treatment

A

PRN

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17
Q

heparin Route

A

SQ or IV

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18
Q

heparin Lab Test

A

PTT (Partial Thromboplastin Time)

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19
Q

heparin Normal Times

A

PTT 30-40 sec

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20
Q

heparin Therapeutic Levels

A

PTT: 1.5-2.5 times normal

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21
Q

heparin Adverse Effects

A

Bleeding, HIT

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22
Q

heparin Antidote

A

Protamine Sulfate

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23
Q

warfarin (Coumadin) Use

A

Prophylaxis & VTE (PE/DVT) treatment; stroke prevention in PTs w/ AF or cardiac valve replacement

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24
Q

warfarin (Coumadin) Action

Study These Flashcards
A

Vit K Antagonist: interferes w/ hepatic synth. of Vit K depend. clotting factors II, VII, IX, X

25
warfarin (Coumadin) **Onset**
**Delayed:** 2-5 days
26
warfarin (Coumadin) **Treatment**
Short term or years
27
warfarin (Coumadin) **Route**
PO
28
warfarin (Coumadin) **Lab Test**
PT/INR
29
warfarin (Coumadin) **Normal Times**
PT 11-25.5 sec; INR 0.8-1.1 (a ratio)
30
warfarin (Coumadin) **Therapeutic Levels**
PT 1.5-2 times normal values; INR 2-3
31
warfarin (Coumadin) **Adverse Effects**
Bleeding & acute renal failure
32
warfarin (Coumadin) **Antidote**
Vitamin K
33
rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) **Use**
Stroke prevention & embolism non-valve related AF
34
rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) **Action**
Inactivates coagulation factor Xa; inhibiting clotting
35
rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) **Onset**
1-3 hours
36
rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) **Duration**
12-14 hours
37
rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) **Treatment**
Years
38
rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) **Route**
PO
39
rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) **Lab Test**
creatinine clearance
40
rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) **Normal Times**
N/A
41
rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) **Therapeutic Levels**
N/A
42
rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) **Adverse Effects**
Bleeding; acute renal failure
43
rivaroxaban (Xarelto) & apixaban (Eliquis) **Antidote**
Charcoal within 2-3 hrs of intake or (non)activated PCC; hemodialysis
44
dabigatran (Pradaxa) **Use**
Preventing stroke & embolism due to non-valvular related AF
45
dabigatran (Pradaxa) **Action**
**DIRECT:** Potentiates the action of antithrombin
46
dabigatran (Pradaxa) **Onset**
1-3 hours
47
dabigatran (Pradaxa) **Duration**
12-14 hours
48
dabigatran (Pradaxa) **Treatment**
years
49
dabigatran (Pradaxa) **Route**
PO
50
dabigatran (Pradaxa) **Normal Times**
N/A
51
dabigatran (Pradaxa) **Therapeutic Levels**
N/A
52
dabigatran (Pradaxa) **Adverse Effects**
Bleeding; Acute renal failure
53
dabigatran (Pradaxa) **Antidote**
Charcoal within 2-3 hrs of intake or (non)activated PCC; hemodialysis
54
When can spontaneous bleeding occur?
Above PTT > 100 secs; PT > 30 secs
55
What does antithrombotic therapy reduce risk of?
AF, stroke, ACS, heart valve replacement issues, VTE (PE, DVT), hypercoagulable states, & stent clotting
56
What is the main antagonist for anticoagulants?
Vitamin K
57
When should you discontinue the use of anticoagulants? Who should you clarify with?
Before surgical procedures; MD,NP, or PA order
58
What are other antithrombotic drugs?
Aspirin, NSAIDS, Dipyridamole, Clopidrogel, & Ticlodipine

UNRS 212 (14 decks)

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