Antidiabetics I Flashcards
(53 cards)
What type of disorder is diabetes?
metabolic
hyperglycemia
Diabetes occurs when what 2 things happen?
- pancreas does not produce enough insulin
2. body cannot effectively use insulin it produces
4 types of diabetes
- T1D
- T2D
- gestational diabetes
other: impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glycemia
What type of diabetes is insulin dependent?
T1D
What can cause T1D?
B cells destroyed
autoimmune
viral
What type of diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance?
T2D
In normal population insulin secretion is _____ to insulin sensitivity
inversely proportional
Genetic defects of B cell function could be what?
MODY (maturity onset diabetes of young)
What is MODY?
several hereditary forms of diabetes caused by mutations in autosomal dominant gene
Gestational diabetes can cause increased risk of
pre-eclampsia
depression
require C section
What is the current rate of diabetes in America and what is it predicted to be in 2050?
1/10
1/3
T/f diabetes is related to low income
true
t/f India has about 1/3 of the world’s diabetes
false
China
significant complications from diabetes
- CVD
- nerve damage
- kidney damage
- foot damage
insulin brings glucose where?
- liver
- fat
- muscle cells
4 treatments of hyperglycemia
- insulin and its analogs
- insulinotropic agents
- insulin sensitizing agents
- a-glucosidase inhibitors
t/f insulin administration is the only effective treatment for T2D
false
T1D
When is insulin useful for T2D?
when poor B cell function limits efficacy of oral meds
2 major side effects of insulin
hypoglycemia
weight gain
What is the major limiting factor of glycemic management
hypoglycemia
t/f the frequency of hypoglycemia increases with intensive conventional regiments
true
What type of hormone is insulin?
polypeptide
Insulin is formed after elimination of what?
c peptide by hydrolysis
Insulin is recreated by what cells?
B cells of islets of langherans of pancreas
