Antidotes

Question 1

Poison: Anticholinergics (Atropine/Benztropine)

Answer 1

Antidote: Physostigmine.

Physostigmine is a carbamate acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
Cross the blood-brain barrier due to its tertiary amine properties.

It is effective in reversing the peripheral and central effects of anticholinergic toxicity.

Question 2

Poison: Isoniazid (INH)

Answer 2

Antidote: Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

Question 3

Poison: Valproic Acod

Answer 3

Antidote: L-carnitine

Question 4

Poison: Nitrates and Nitrates

Answer 4

Causing Methemoglobinemia.

Antidote: Methylene Blue, if G6PD-deficient, supportive care + vitamin C.

Question 5

Poison: ß-blocker

Answer 5

Glucagon

Question 6

Poison: CCBs

Answer 6

Antidote: IV Calcium Gluconate

Question 7

Poison: Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)

Answer 7

Antidote: Sodium Bicarbonate

Question 8

Poison: Nerve Gases & Organophosphorus Compounds

Answer 8

*They are irreversible AChE inhibitors. Potentiate the ACh responses.

Antidote: Atropine follow by Pralidoxime.

Question 9

Poison: Carbon Monoxide (CO)

Answer 9

Antidote: 100% O2

Question 10

Poison: Lithium

Answer 10

Antidote: Sodium Bicarbonate and/or Polystyrene Sulfonate.

Question 11

Aspirin Toxicity

Answer 11

Antidote: Urine Alkalinization—Sodium Bicarbonate.

Question 12

Hyperinsulinemia Toxicity

Answer 12

Antidote: Dextrose 50%