Antifungals Flashcards
(31 cards)
What are the Azole drugs?
Fluconazole
Itraconazole
Ketoconazole
end in “zole”
What are Azole drugs used for?
- Treatment of systemic fungal infections
- Oral candidiasis (thrush)
- Superficial skin infections
What are the side effects of azole drugs?
Nausea
Liver enzymes abnormalities
Rash
What considerations should be taken when prescribing Azoles?
- Monitor LFTs
- Potential drug interactions, especially with drugs metabolized by the liver
What drugs are Echinocandins?
Caspofungin
Micafungin
Anidulafungin
End in “fungin”
What are Echinocandins used for?
Invasive Candidiasis
Aspergillosis
What are the side effects of Echinocandins?
Fever
Phlebitis at injection site
Hypokalemia
How are the Echinocandins administered?
IV only
What considerations need to be taken when prescribing echinocandins?
- Administer IV
- Monitor electrolyte levels
What are the polyene drugs?
Amphotericin B
Nystatin (topical)
What are polyenes used for?
Severe systemic fungal infections
Candidiasis (topical)
What are the side effects of polyenes?
- Infusion-related reactions (fever, chills)
- Nephrotoxicity
- electrolyte imbalances
What considerations should be taken when prescribing polyenes?
Administer IV
Monitor renal function closely
What are the Allymine drugs?
Nafifine
Terbinafine
What are the allylamines used for?
Fungal nail infections
Ringworm
What are the side effects of Allylamines?
- GI upset
- Headache
- LFT abnormalities
What considerations need to be remembered when prescribing Allylamines?
- Monitor LFTs
- Oral formulation for systemic infections
Which drugs are first line for tines pedis?
Allylamines
What are topical antifungals not recommended for?
Hair and nail infections, poorly absorbed
What is Griseofulvin used for?
Tinea - ringworm
Which drug of anitfungals is the most toxic?
Amphotericin B (polyene). Causes nephrotoxicity
Which class of antifungals can only be given IV?
Ecchicanidans
How is Griseofulvin classed?
Miscellaneous because of its unique mechanism of action
What is Flucytosine used for?
Systemic fungal infections (often combined with amphotericin B)
