antihistaminics Flashcards
(19 cards)
What are the different generations of antihistaminic drugs?
First, Second, Third
What is an example of a first-generation antihistamine?
Chlorpheniramine, Diphenhydramine
Non-selective H1 receptor antagonists
What are examples of second-generation antihistamines?
Cetirizine, Loratadine, Fexofenadine
Selective peripheral H1 receptor antagonists
What are examples of third-generation antihistamines?
Desloratadine, Levocetirizine
More selective peripheral H1 receptor antagonists with enhanced efficacy
What is the duration of action for first-generation antihistamines?
Short (4-6 hours)
What is the duration of action for second-generation antihistamines?
Long (12-24 hours; often once daily dosing)
What is the duration of action for third-generation antihistamines?
Long (12-24 hours; often once daily dosing)
What is the CNS penetration of first-generation antihistamines?
High
What is the CNS penetration of second-generation antihistamines?
Low
What is the CNS penetration of third-generation antihistamines?
Very low
Do first-generation antihistamines cause sedation?
Yes
Must be taken at bedtime due to significant drowsiness
Do second-generation antihistamines cause sedation?
No
Do third-generation antihistamines cause sedation?
No
Do first-generation antihistamines have antiemetic properties?
Yes
Do second-generation antihistamines have antiemetic properties?
No
Do third-generation antihistamines have antiemetic properties?
No
Do first-generation antihistamines help with motion sickness?
Yes
Do second-generation antihistamines help with motion sickness?
No
Do third-generation antihistamines help with motion sickness?
No
