antihypertensive Flashcards
(29 cards)
thiazides
hydrochlorothiazide
start-mild HT
loop
furosemide
mod-severe
k sparing
spironolactone (aldosterone RAnt, prevent K exc, allow Na exc)
epleronone (newer)
triamterene
dyazide (tri w/ HCTZ)
diuretics
thiazides
loop
k sparing
clonidine
a2 agonist
secondary drug
alpha-metha dopa
hemathemonium
ganglion block
reserpine
storage
post ganglion block w/ NT
guanothidine
release
post ganglion block w/ NT
prazosin
a1 Ant used for BPH HYPOTENSION SYNCOPE so its better to take at bedtime
propanolol
B-AR Ant
lipophilic
CNS EFFECTS
selective B1 Ant
metoprolol
atenolol
esmolol
nebivolol
Lipophilic, CNS Bronchospasm in asmathic pt Mask hypoglycemia Fatigue Bradycardia (carvediol reduced mortality in CHF)
esmolol
met. by RBC esterase
9 min
IV infusion
nebivolol
one isomer is B blocker
other inc. endothelial NO
mixed Alpha and B-AR ago
carvediol
labetolol
used in HPT emergency
release of NO
hydralazine
nitroprusside
hydralazine
inhibits IP3 release of Ca from sarcoplasmic reticulum
nitroprusside
light sensitive
short acting (IV infusion)
emergencies/ pulmonary edema
hyper polarization of smooth muscle by opening of K channel
minoxidil
minoxidil
ATP K inc K efflux leading to dilation of arterioles
PRODRUG
severe HPT, hair loss
hypotension induced sympathetic response to angina response
Na/water retention dec renal perfusion
K efflux leads to ventricular fibrillation
hypertrichosis/hirsutism
reduction of calcium influx by blockage of L type Ca channels
angina, cardiac arrythmias, CHF, raynaud phenomenon
AA, elderly
dihyrdropyridine antagonist
dihydropyridine antagonist
amlodipine
nifedipine
act. of D1 dopamine rec
fenolopam
fenolopam
IV infusion
ver short action (action)
HPT emergency
ACE inhibitor
inc renin by compensation
chronic cough with inc bradykinin
angioneurmtic edema
lisinopril
NSAID dec effect
