Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Flashcards
(29 cards)
Mechanisms of antibiotics
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
Inhibition of protein synthesis
Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
Beta lactams
Glycopeptides
Beta lactams
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
(Can be resistant due to beta lactamase OR genetically altered target sites)
Glycopeptides
Vancomycin (TOXIC)
Teicoplanin
Gram +ve only
Parenteral use only
Inhibition of protein synthesis
Macrolides
Tetracyclines
Oxazolidones
Aminoglycosides (for gram -ve) (parenteral use only)
Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis (inc. purine)
Trimethoprim
Sulphamethoxazole
Fluoroquinolones
Antifungals
Triazoles and allylamines
Echinocandins
Polyenes
Flucytosine
Triazoles and allylamines
Target sterols
Echinocandins
Target wall
Polyenes
Target membranes
Flucytosine
Targets DNA synthesis
Gentamicin
Aminoglycoside for treatment of serious gram negative infection
TOXIC
Ciprofloxacin
Fluoroquinolone
Effective against gram negative organisms
Taken orally
Not in children
Beta-lactamase
Can break down penicillins OR cephalosporins
Flucloxacyllin is resistant
Genetically altered target sites
Beta lactams cannot bind
MRSA
Resistant to all penicillins and cephalosporins
ESBLs
Extended spectrum beta-lactamases produced by some gram negative organisms renders them resistant to all beta-lactam agents
Vancomycicn resistance
Unusual in gram positive organisms, some resistant enterocci
C. diff infection
Oral metronidazole or oral vancomycin
Amphotericin B
IV for serious yeast and other fungal infections
TOXIC
Nystatin
Topically or in oral suspension, not IV
For serious fungal infection
Fluconazole
For yeast infection (not all yeasts are sensitive)
Aspergillosis
Voriconazole and itraconazole
Tebrinafine
Allylamines
Fungal infection of skins and nails
