Antimicrobial therapy

Question 1

antibiotics for LRTI

Pathogen: S. pneumoniae (penicillin susceptible or intermediate)

Answer 1

1st choice: ampicillin, penicillin
2nd choice: ceftriaxone, azithromycin, cefuroxime, cefdinir

Question 2

antibiotics for LRTI

Pathogen: S. pneumoniae (penicillin resistant)

Answer 2

1st choice: 2nd or 3rd gen cephalosporin, vancomycin

Question 3

antibiotics for LRTI

Pathogen: S. aureus (methicillin sensitive)

Answer 3

1st choice: 1st gen cephalosporin, oxacillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate

Question 4

antibiotics for LRTI

Pathogen: S aureus (methicillin resistant)

Answer 4

1st choice: clindamycin, vancomycin
2nd choice: linezolid

Question 5

antibiotics for LRTI

Pathogen: H. influenzae

Answer 5

1st choice: amoxicillin
2nd choice: amoxicillin/clavulanate, 2nd or 3rd gen cephalosporin

Question 6

antibiotics for LRTI

Pathogen: M. catarrhalis

Answer 6

1st choice: amoxicillin/clavulanate
2nd choice: cefuroxime

Question 7

URTI

otitis media is commonly caused by bacterial pathogens such as H influenzae, S pneumoniae and M catarrhalis, hence choice of first line antibiotic is?

Answer 7

high-dose amoxicillin

Question 8

URTI

Most serious complications of diphtheria are myocarditis and peripheral neuropathy due to hematogenous spread of the exotoxin (diphtheria toxin) released by a bacterial pathogen called?

Answer 8

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

-gram positive rods
-appear club shaped
-arranged in V or L-shaped/chinese characters
-treatment: antitoxin, if not then penicillin G or erythromycin

Question 9

URTI

Streptococcal pharygngitis aka strep throat is caused by ______________ and can be treated with _______________.

Answer 9

Group A beta-hemolytics streptococci (Streptococcus pyogenes)

treating young adults in absence of culture confirmation->given penicillin or amoxicillin