Antiparasitic

Question 1

Required for ergosterol synthesis in leishmanias

Answer 1

Lanosterol demethylase

Question 2

Common indispensable biochemical functions

Answer 2

Microtubules in ascaris and human host

Question 3

Malaria

4 species of plasmodium cause human malaria

Answer 3

Falciparum
Vivax
Malariae
Ovale

Question 4

Malaria

Life cycle

Answer 4

Liver/tissue phase and blood phase

Question 5

Malaria

Radical cure

Answer 5

Eliminate both hepatic and erythrocytic stages; no such drug

Question 6

Malaria

Suppressive cure

Answer 6

Complete elimination of parasite from the body by continued therapy

Question 7

Malaria

Clinical cure

Answer 7

Terminate clinical attack

Question 8

Malaria

Dx

Less expensive but skilled staff is needed

Answer 8

Direct microscopy

Question 9

Malaria

Dx

Expensive

Answer 9

RDT rapid diagnostic test

Question 10

Anti malarial agents

Eliminate developing or dormant liver forms

Answer 10

Tissue schizonticide- primaquine

Question 11

Anti malarial agents

Act on erythrocytic parasite

Answer 11

Blood schizonticide- chloroquine
quinine
Mefloquine
Inhibitor of folate synthesis 
Tetra, doxy, clinda
Halofantine

Question 12

Anti malarial agents

Kill sexual stages

Answer 12

Gameticide

Quinine
Primaquine

Question 13

Anti malarial agents

Capable of preventing erythrocytic infection

Answer 13

Causal prophylactic drugs

Chloroquine
Mefloquine
Inhibitors of folate synthesis
Doxy, azithro

Question 14

Drug of choice for both treatment and Chemoprophylaxis of sensitive P. Falciparum and other species

Answer 14

Chloroquine

Question 15

Eliciting parasite toxicity due to build up of free heme

Answer 15

Chloroquine

Question 16

Chloroquine

Safe in

Answer 16

Pregnancy and young children

Question 17

Chloroquine

Adverse effect

Answer 17

GI upset
Mild headache
Visual disturbances
Urticarial

Question 18

Chloroquine

Fatal

Answer 18

5mg

Question 19

Chloroquine

Not given IV

Answer 19

Cardiotoxicity

Question 20

Used for treatment of severe falciparum malaria and chloroquine resistant strains

Answer 20

Quinine

Question 21

Quinine

MOA

Answer 21

Inhibits plasmodium HgB polymeraseq

Question 22

Quinine

AE

Answer 22

Cinchonism
Hemolytic anemia
Black water fever

Question 23

Chemoprophylaxis and blood schizonticide for chloroquine resistant strains of P. falciparum

Answer 23

Mefloquine

Question 24

Mefloquine

Given only

Answer 24

Orally

Severe local irritations

Question 25

Mefloquine MOA

Answer 25

Swelling of parasitic food vacuoles

Question 26

Mefloquine Considered safe for

Answer 26

Young children | Pregnancy but limited to 1st trimester

Question 27

Mefloquine AE

Answer 27

``` Confusion Psychosis (lessened by splitting the dose) ```

Question 28

Drug of choice for the eradication of dormant liver forms

Answer 28

Primaquine

Question 29

If resistant to chloroquine

Answer 29

Primaquine

Question 30

Primaquine MOA

Answer 30

Unknown mechanism of action | Swelling of parasitic food vacuoles

Question 31

Primaquine Gametocidal

Answer 31

4 strains

Question 32

Primaquine Check for

Answer 32

G6PD status

Question 33

Primaquine | Not used as standard treatment

Answer 33

Oral

Question 34

Primaquine CI

Answer 34

Pregnancy

Question 35

Primaquine Other use

Answer 35

Pneumocystis carinii infection

Question 36

Primaquine AE

Answer 36

Hemolytic anemia

Question 37

Key enzyme in the pathway for the synthesis of folate

Answer 37

Plasmodial dihydrofolate reductase

Question 38

Inhibitors of folate synthesis Safe in pregnancy, Chemoprophylaxis

Answer 38

Pyrimethamine (fansidar) Toxoplasmosis Pneumocytosis

Question 39

Pyrimethamine MOA

Answer 39

Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase (failure of nuclear division)

Question 40

Pyrimethamine Synergism

Answer 40

Sulfonamides

Question 41

Pyrimethamine Not recommended for Chemoprophylaxis

Answer 41

Because of toxicity (once weekly)

Question 42

Inhibitor of folate synthesis Safe in pregnancy, for treatment and prophylaxis ( safe alternative to mefloquine)

Answer 42

Proguanil

Question 43

Proguanil Ineffective against

Answer 43

Resistant strains

Question 44

Inhibits cell wall synthesis | Unclear mechanism of action

Answer 44

Antibiotics

Question 45

Antibiotics are

Answer 45

Tetracycline - malaria, intestinal amebiasis Doxy- Chemoprophylaxis in SE Asia Clindamycin - malaria, toxoplasmosis, pneumocystosis, babesiosis Azithromycin

Question 46

Limited because of irregular absorption and cardiac toxicity

Answer 46

Halofantrine

Question 47

Halofantrine CI

Answer 47

Pregnancy

Question 48

Halofantrine Preparation

Answer 48

Not available in the Philippines

Question 49

Only drug reliably effective against quinine resistant strain

Answer 49

Artemisinin and derivatives

Question 50

Artemisinin and derivatives CIO

Answer 50

Pregnancy

Question 51

Production of free radicals, best given with

Answer 51

Doxycycline or fansidar

Question 52

Artemisinin and derivatives Insoluble and can only be used orally

Answer 52

Quinghaosu

Question 53

Atovaquone + proguanil

Answer 53

Malarone

Question 54

Alternative therapy for P. Carinii

Answer 54

Malarone

Question 55

Treatment for uncomplicated malaria

Answer 55

DHA + PPQ - first line

Question 56

Treatment for uncomplicated P vivax malaria

Answer 56

Chloroquine + Primaquine

Question 57

Treatment of malaria during pregnancy 1st trimester

Answer 57

- quinine + clindamycin - artesunate + clindamycin - ACT

Question 58

Treatment of malaria during pregnancy 2nd trimester

Answer 58

ACTSP x 3days AS + clindamycin Quinine + clindamycin

Question 59

Use for pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii) pneumonia

Answer 59

Trimethoprim + sulfamethazole

Question 60

Drugs used for amoebiasis Tissue amoebicide

Answer 60

Dehydroemetine, emetine | Chloroquine

Question 61

Drugs used for amoebiasis Luminal amoebicide Halogenated hydroxyquinolones

Answer 61

Diiodohydroxyquin Iodochlorhydroxyquin Dibromohydroxyquinoline

Question 62

Drugs used for amoebiasis Luminal Dichloroacetamide

Answer 62

Diloxanide furoate Clefamide Teclozan Etofamide

Question 63

Drugs used for amoebiasis Luminal Antibiotic

Answer 63

Paramomycin

Question 64

Drugs used for amoebiasis Tissue and luminal Nitroimidazole

Answer 64

Metronidazole Tinidazole Ornidazole Secnidazole

Question 65

Drug of choice for the treatment of extra luminal amoebiasis

Answer 65

Metronidazole

Question 66

Metronidazole Kills trophozoite but not

Answer 66

Cysts

Question 67

Metronidazole Nitro group of metronidazole is chemically reduced in

Answer 67

Anerobic bacteria | Sensitive protozoas

Question 68

Metronidazole DOC

Answer 68

Tissue amoebiasis Giardiasis Trichomoniasis

Question 69

Metronidazole AE

Answer 69

``` Nausea Headache Dry mouth Metallic taste Disulfiram effect ```

Question 70

Metronidazole Drug interaction

Answer 70

Anticoagulant Phenytoin Phenobarbital

Question 71

Effective luminal amoebicide | Unknown mechanism of action

Answer 71

Iodoquinol

Question 72

Drug of choice for asymptomatic luminal infections | Unknown mechanism of actions

Answer 72

Diloxanide furoate

Question 73

An aminoglycosides used only as a luminal amoebicide | Available: 259 mg caps

Answer 73

Paramomycin sulfate

Question 74

Analog derived from ipecac | Has limited use

Answer 74

Emetine and dihydroemetine

Question 75

Emetine and dihydroemetine AE

Answer 75

Pain and tenderness Diarrhea NV

Question 76

Emetine and dihydroemetine CI

Answer 76

Patients with cardiac or renal disease | Children and pregnancy

Question 77

Only administered parenterally or aerosol

Answer 77

Pentamidine

Question 78

Pentamidine Use in

Answer 78

Pneumocystosis (aerosol)

Question 79

Pentamidine Prophylaxis

Answer 79

Once a month

Question 80

Pentamidine

Answer 80

African trypanosomiasis | Leishmaniasis

Question 81

1 st line agents against cutaneous and visceral leshmaniasis | AE- GI upsets, sterile abscess

Answer 81

Sodium stibogluconate

Question 82

Main source of energy of entamoebas (glycolysis)

Answer 82

Pyruvate phosphate dikinase

Question 83

Drugs for trypanosomiasis For African trypanosomiasis but do not enter CNS

Answer 83

Suramin

Question 84

Drugs for trypanosomiasis | 1st line therapy for advanced CNS african

Answer 84

Melarsoprol

Question 85

Drugs for trypanosomiasis An inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase

Answer 85

Eflornithine

Question 86

Drugs for trypanosomiasis Most common drug used for America trypanosomiasis

Answer 86

Nifurtimox

Question 87

Drugs for trypanosomiasis For the treatment of acute chagas diseasetoxicities Peripheral neuropathy

Answer 87

Benznidazole