Antipsychotics Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is psychosis?
Objective loss of contact with reality
What type of symptoms do antipsychotics best treat?
Postive symptoms
- Hyperarousal
-Delusions
-Hallucinations
-Thought disorders
How do many psychotics work?
Antagonists at dopamine D2 receptors
How are antipsychotics subdivided?
Into generations
- First generation: Typical
-Second generation: Atypical
First generation APs?
Haloperidol
Chlorpromazine
Atypical APs?
Clozapine
Olanzapine
Risperidone
Quitiapine
Difference between 1st and 2nd gen?
2nd less likely to impair EP function.
although carry higher risk of other adverse effects
Generation of aripiprazole?
2nd
Generation of chlorpromazine?
1st
Clozapine gen?
2nd
Haloperidol gen?
1st
Levomepromazine gen?
1st
Olanzapine gen?
2nd
Promazine?
1st
Quetiapine gen?
2nd
Risperidone gen?
2nd
How long should patient take drug before measuring response?
4-6 weeks
SEs of antipsychotics?
-EPSEs
-Raised prolactin
-Metabolic changes
What do the EPSE of anti psychotics arise from?
Antagonism of dopamine D2 receptors in nigrostriatal pathway
Common adverse effects of APs?
Nausea
Dry mouth
Constiopation
Headache
Sedation
Postural hypotension
Wt gain
Raised prolactin
EPSE of APs?
Acute dystonia
Akathisia
Hyperglycaemia
Raised blood lipids
QT interval prolongation
Rare but serious risk of APs?
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Characteristics of neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
Muscle rigidity
Raised temp
Altered mental status
Autonomic instability
Leucocytosis
Raised creatinine kinase
Adverse effects of clozapine?
Agranulocytosis
Myocarditis
Cardiomyopathy
GI obstruction
Hypersalivation
