antipsychotics

Question 1

Haldol/haldoperidol

Answer 1

1st gen, high incidence EPS, long acting/ decanoate available q4wk

Question 2

Thorazine/chlorpromazine

Answer 2

1st gen, high sedation and orthostatic hypotension risk. Can cause Neuroleptic Malignancy syndrome.safe in children

Question 3

Prolixin/fluphenazine

Answer 3

1st gen, high EPS; least sedating, long acting/ decanoate available q2-4wk

Question 4

Mellaril/thioridazine

Answer 4

1st gen, Sedation, OH, & ACh: high. prolonged QT interval may cause sudden death

Question 5

Stelazine/trifluoperazine

Answer 5

1st gen, anti-emetic properties, may mask side effects other medications

Question 6

Trilafon/perphenazine

Answer 6

1st gen, anti-emetic properties, may mask side effects other medications

Question 7

Abilify/aripiprazole

Answer 7

3rd gen, preferred for patients with cardiac issues. Known as a dopamine system stabilizer. In the brain with areas of low dopamine, it will increase it. In areas with high dopamine, it will lower it by acting as a receptor antagonist. Side effects: insomnia and akathisia. Lowest weight gain in atypical class

Question 8

Geodon/ziprasidone

Answer 8

2nd gen, Lowest risk for metabolic syndrome, and contraindicated in patients with a prolong QT interval, recent MI, or uncompensated HF. Side effects: dizziness, moderate sedation.

Question 9

Risperdal/risperidone/risperdal consta (long acting)

Answer 9

2nd gen, Highest risk of EPS of all atypical antipsychotics and may increase prolactin. Can cause orthostatic hypotension, weight gain, sedation, and sexual dysfunction (from prolactin). May cause increase in CVA in the older adult with dementia being treated for agitation.

Question 10

Seroquel/quetiapine

Answer 10

2nd gen, strong blockage of histamine-1 receptor, accounts for high sedation and leads to weight gain and moderate risk for metabolic syndrome. Low risk of EPS. overdose cardiac issues

Question 11

Zyprexa/olanzapine

Answer 11

2nd gen, High risk for metabolic syndrome. This drug will rapidly calm an agitated patient. Similar to clozapine. Large weight gain like clozaril. may increase death geriatric population

Question 12

Clozaril/clozapine

Answer 12

2nd gen, High risk for metabolic syndrome. The first of the atypicals. Low risk for EPS. It has the potential to suppress bone marrow, which can induce agranulocytosis. Regular measurement of white blood cells is required. May induce convulsions. Major side effects: sedation, hypersalivation, weight gain, reflex tachycardia, constipation, dizziness. Blood test weekly.

Question 13

Invega/paliperidone/ invega sustenna

Answer 13

2nd gen, metabolite risperidone, better tolerated. EPS and prolactin elevation

Question 14

Latuda/lurasidone

Answer 14

2nd gen, Black box warning: dementia. NMS is rare. Less chance of EPS. may increase death geriatric population

Question 15

Saphris/asenapine

Answer 15

2nd gen, Dopamine and serotonin antagonist. Black box: dementia, may cause EPS, tardive dyskinesia, NMS. SubQ

Question 16

Fanapt /iloperidone

Answer 16

2nd gen, QT prolongation