Antipsychotics Flashcards
What type of receptors do typical antipsychotics block?
dopamine D2 receptors
What type of receptors do atypical antipsychotics block?
dopamine D2 and serotonin receptors
What are the unfavorable side effects of atypical antipsychotics?
metabolic syndrome
weight gain
Name the low potency typical antipsychotics?
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
Thioridazine (Mellaril)
What type of side effects are common with low potency typical antipsychotics?
anticholinergic
antihistaminic side effects
What happens in low potency antipsychotics overdose?
QTc prolongation and potential for heart block and ventricular tachycardia
What antipsychotic causes orthostatic hypotension, bluish skin discoloration, photosensitivity?
chlorpromazine
What condition is thioridazine associated with?
retinitis pigmentosa
Name the midpotency typical antipsychotics
Lozapine (Loxitane)
thiothixene (Navane)
trifluroperazine (Stelazine)
perphenazine (Trilafon)
Which midpotency typical antipsychotic has a higher risk of seizure?
Loxapine
Which midpotency typical antipsychotic can cause ocular pigment changes?
Thiothixene
Name the high potency typical antipsychotics
haloperidol
Fluphenazine
Pimozide
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia are mediated through what part of the brain?
mesolimbic dopamine pathway
- nucleus accumbens , fornix, amygdala, hippocampus
negative symptoms of schizophrenia are mediated through what part of the brain?
mesocortical pathway
What are the side effects associated with typical antipsychotics?
antidopaminergic hyperprolactinemia Anti histaminic, adrenergic, muscarinic Tardice dyskinesia Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Describe the effects of NMS?
Fever Autonomic instability ( tachycardia, labile hypertension, diaphoresis) Leukocytosis Tremor Elevated CK Rigidity Excessive sweating Delirium
name the atypical antipsychotics
Clozapine Risperidone Quetiapine Olanzapine Ziprasidone Aripiprazole Paliperidone Asenapine Iloperidone
Which atypical antipsychotic is the only one to decrease risk of suicide?
Clozapine
WhIch mid potency typical antipsychotic can reduce anxiety?
Trifluoperazine
What are side effects of atypical antipsychotics?
Metabolic syndrome Weight gain Anti HAM effects Hyperlipidemia Hyperglycemia Liver function QTc prolongation
What are the side effects of high potency typical antipsychotic?
EPS
Tardive dyskinesia
Which typical antipsychotic is associated with heart block, ventricular tachycardia, and other cardiac effects?
Pimozide
What are antidopaminergic effects?
EPS
- Parkinsonism- bradykinesia,mask like face,cogwheel rigidity, pill rolling tremor
- akathisia- subjective anxiety and restlessness, fidgeting,
- dystonia- sustained painful contractions of muscle of the neck, tongue, eyes,
Hyperprolactinemia
How do you treat NMS caused by typical antipsychotics?
Dantrolene followed by bromocriptine or amantadine
