Antiquity To Middle Ages Exam 1 Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is a tetrachord?
Touch your cords are forum adjacent notes in a melodic scale and are the building blocks for a lot of pieces in Greek theory.
Name and describe two Greek instruments.
Lyre-small harp associated with Apollo.
Also cathara
Aulos-double flute wind instrument associated with Dionysus .
What are genera?
Diatonic, chromatic, and enharmonic. Diatonic divides into halftone followed by two whole tones. Chromatic divides into two half steps followed by an augmented whole tone. Enharmonicdivides into two quarter tones and one ditone
Name and describe the three types of music according to Boethius.
Musica mundana –music of the spheres. All order and harmony that can’t be heard or perceived by humans.
Musica Humana–of the human body
Musica instrumentalis–playable music
What is the doctrine of Ethos?
The belief that music and powerfully affect human character and be a viewer. Music can be applied in a variety of different ways like religion education and socialization. Lyrical wording and instrumentation men’s different instruments for different purposes
Describe direct, responsorial, and antiphonal singing.
Direct-one singer sings one melodic part or a group of singers sings one melodic part
Responsorial-cantor and congregation
Antiphonal-two parties singing in alternation.
What were the dangers and benefits of music in the church according to St. Augustine?
St. Augustine is conflicted between the beauty of song and the desires of his soul through prayer. He talks about preferringsongs without any inflections of the voice as if they were being spoken. He felt that music detracted from spiritual focus
List all the parts of the mass ordinary
Kyrie, Gloria, credo, Sanctus, Agnes dei, and ite misse est.
Describe the divine office
A set of daily prayers that were prayed throughout the days. There were seven prayers during the day and one at night. Prayed by members of religious orders and clergy.
What are the greater hours of the Divine office?
Matins, lauds, vespers, and compline
Describe the different parts of the psalm tone
Intonation sings up to tenor note(held), then to mediant tone, then tenor and termination. Fluxes are inflections within tenor.
Guido de arezzo
Established hexachord system. Guidonian hand. Ut queant laxis was implementing the first solfege.
What were the names of the pitches in a hexachord system?
UT, re, mi, fa, sol, la
Describe solmization.
Guidonian method of applying hexachord system to chants for better memorization.
Describe mutation
Switching ones position in a hexachord in order to name all notes in a melody.
Describe the melodic modes.
Dorian, Phrygian, Lydian, and mixolydian. Odds were authentic and evens were plagal.
What is tripping?
Applying words to melismatic passages in large chants, such as the sequence of the mass.
Notker balbulus
Found difficulty in memorizing melismas so he troped words over melismas for better memorization.
Hildegard of bingen
Composer of sequences and liturgical dramas.
Who are minstrels/jongleurs?
Lowest class street performers that played and sing madrigals in streets of France and Italy. Uneducated.
What are troubadours/traverse?
Troubadours-south France. Traverse-north France.
Aristocratic composers of poems and poem songs. Sang exclusively about courtly love.
Chanson de geste
“Song of deeds”. Songs about exaggerated stories and feats performed by legendary ancestors.
Who are minnesingers?
Similar to troubadours but in Germany. Sang minneleider. Songs were less about courtly love and more religious and “tame”.
Haut/bas
Loud/soft
