Antiviral 2

Question 1

Which PI has the highest incidence of adverse effects?

Answer 1

Ritonavir

Question 2

Which two PI is preffered for treating HIV?

Answer 2

Atazanavir Darunavir

Question 3

Fusion and entry inhibitors

Answer 3

Maraviroc Enfuvirtide

Question 4

Fusion and entry inhibitors - MoA

Answer 4

Inhibits fusion and entry of HIV

Question 5

Fusion and entry inhibitors - Clinical use

Answer 5

HIV by drug-resistant strains

Question 6

Maraviroc - MoA

Answer 6

Binds to CCR5 and prevents entry of HIV-1 to cells.

Question 7

Enfuvirtide - MoA

Answer 7

Binds to HIV glycoprotein 41 and block the fusion process

Question 8

Enfuvirtide - Adverse effects

Answer 8

Injection site reactions

Question 9

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors

Answer 9

Raltegravir Dolutegravir Elvitegravir

Question 10

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors - MoA

Answer 10

Prevents DNA strand transfer by binding integrase

Question 11

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors - Clinical use

Answer 11

HIV

Question 12

Neuraminidase inhibitors - MoA

Answer 12

Inhibits neuraminidase in influenza A and B, preventing release of virions from infected cells and preventing spread through the resp tract

Question 13

Neuraminidase inhibitors clinical use

Answer 13

Prophylaxis and treatment of influenzae. Reduce complications of influenzae (otitis media, pneumonia)

Question 14

Neuraminidase inhibitors adverse effect

Answer 14

Minor respiratory and GI reactions

Question 15

Zanamivir contraindication

Answer 15

Patients with airway disease

Question 16

Adamantanes - MoA

Answer 16

Block M2 proton channel, prevents acidification of influenza A, and fusion of viral membranes. Amantadine also increase release of dopamine

Question 17

Adamantenes

Answer 17

Amantadine Rimantadine

Question 18

Adamantanes - Clinical use

Answer 18

Prevention and treatment of influenza A

Question 19

Amantadine - Clinical use

Answer 19

Parkinson disease

Question 20

Drugs for hepatitis and other viral infections

Answer 20

Ribavirin Nucleoside and nucleotide analogues Interferon alfa Sofosbuvir and Valpatasavir

Question 21

Ribavirin - MoA

Answer 21

Inhibits guanine triphosphate and viral nucleic acid synthesis.

Question 22

Ribavirin - Clinical use

Answer 22

Severe RSV infection + chronic hepatitis Hepatitis A and C HSV Influenza A Mumps virus Adenovirus Colorado tick fever virus Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus Hantaan virus Respiratory syncytial virus Rift valley fever virus Yellow fever virus.

Question 23

Ribavirin - Contraindication

Answer 23

Contraindicated: pregnancy + lactating women, ZDV treatment, Teratogenic

Question 24

Ribavirin - Adverse effects

Answer 24

Adm inhalation: serious pulmonary and cardiovascular effects (apnea, pneumothorax, worsening resp status, cardiac arrest) Oral adm: hemolytic anemia (worsen cardiac disease, MI)

Question 25

Ribavirin - Interactions

Answer 25

Antagonize ZDV

Question 26

Inteferon alfa - MoA

Answer 26

Bind to cell surface receptors and enhance host cell protective defenses (gene transcription, inhibit protein synthesis, degradation of viral RNA, activation of cytotoxic T cells + NK cells)

Question 27

Interferon alfa - Clinical use

Answer 27

Hepatitis B and C Papillomaviruses Genital warts Hairy cell leukemia Chronic myelocytic leukemia Kaposi sarcoma Renal carcinoma Malignant melanoma Multiple myeloma Neoplastic diseases

Question 28

Interferon alfa - Adverse effects

Answer 28

Hematologic toxicity Cardiac arrhythmias Changed BP CNS dysfunction GI distress

Question 29

Sofosbuvir and valpatasavir - MoA

Answer 29

Inhibits HCV RNA-directed RNA polymerase

Question 30

Sofosbuvir and valpatasavir - Clinical use

Answer 30

Hepatitis C

Question 31

Palivizumab - MoA

Answer 31

Inactivates the fusion protein of RSV, inhibits viral entry into target cells

Question 32

Palivizumab - Clinical use

Answer 32

Prevent and treat RSV infection in infants and children under 2 years that are at increased risk of severe disease.

Question 33

Drugs for influenza - Administration

Answer 33

All oral Nasal spray: Zanamivir

Question 34

Hepatitis and other viral drugs - Administration

Answer 34

All oral Subcutaneous: Interferon alfa Ribavirin: Oral + inhalation, IV

Question 35

Adamantanes - Contraindication

Answer 35

Pregnancy Mania Psychosis Not used for influenza B