Antivirals

Question 1

what are the features of the herpes virus?

Answer 1

double stranded DNA genome in a capsid, protein coat and glycoprotein envelope

Question 2

what is valaciclovir

Answer 2

nucleoside analogue of guanine

prodrug of aciclovir

Question 3

how is valaciclovir activated

Answer 3

triphosphorylation

Question 4

valaciclovir moa

Answer 4

inhibits DNA polymerase so stops DNA synthesis in HSV1, HSV2 and VZV

Question 5

why is aciclovir not used?

Answer 5

poorly bioavailable requiring multiple doses

Question 6

what is cidofovir

Answer 6

nucleotide analogue of cytosine

Question 7

how is cidofovir activated

Answer 7

triphosphorylation; however the first step is already phosphorylated

Question 8

how is cidofovir administered?

Answer 8

IV only as poor bioavailability

Question 9

what is foscarnet

Answer 9

analogue of inorganic phosphate

Question 10

foscarnet moa

Answer 10

inhibits DNA polymerase

Question 11

what kind of antiviral is foscarnet?

Answer 11

broad antiviral

Question 12

what are the NRTIs for hep b

Answer 12

lamivudine - c
entecavir - g
tenofovir - a
adefovir - a

Question 13

interferons moa

Answer 13

inducing cytokine response and upregulates K and T cells which has activity on viral proteins