Anxiety Disorders

Question 1

What did Freud view anxiety as?

Answer 1

A motivator of behavior

Question 2

What did Sullivan say anxiety was?

Answer 2

An interpersonal phenomenon based in the mother/child relationship.

Question 3

What is anxiety a feeling of?

Answer 3

Apprehension

Question 4

What is anxiety a threat to?

Answer 4

Self esteen, self identity, or some value of a person.

Question 5

What is fear?

Answer 5

A feeling or tension state brought on by accurate perception of “real” threat”

Question 6

What is fear based on?

Answer 6

Reality- physical threat.

Question 7

What is anxiety based on?

Answer 7

Disproportionate to reality- no real threat.

Question 8

What is level 1 anxiety?

Answer 8

Mild- the perceptual field is normal, the person is keen and taking in environment- need this to learn.

Question 9

What is level 2 anxiety?

Answer 9

Moderate anxiety- the perceptual field is limited to one task, person becomes dysfunctional.

Question 10

What is level 3 anxiety?

Answer 10

Severe- the perceptual field is limited to one detail of one task.

Question 11

What is level 4 anxiety?

Answer 11

Panic- no information is processed, no perceptual field- may be a threat to themselves, never leave alone.

Question 12

What can increase anxiety?

Answer 12

Life stressors and rapid changes in society.

Question 13

What is generalized anxiety disorder?

Answer 13

A person with unrealistic or excessive anxiety related to life circumstances; they are not coping well with life.

Question 14

What is a panic disorder?

Answer 14

The person has recurrent attacks of intense discomfort- may or may not be associated with a situation.

Question 15

What are phobias?

Answer 15

pathological fear reaction that is out of proportion to the stimulus.

Question 16

What is agorophobia?

Answer 16

Fear of open spaces

Question 17

What is social phobia?

Answer 17

Fear of groups- strangers make person uncomfortable.

Question 18

What is a simple phobia?

Answer 18

A fear of a specific object or stimulation; EX: heights, animals

Question 19

What is an obsessive compulsive disorder?

Answer 19

An obsession that coordinates with a compulsive trait.

Question 20

What is an obsession with OCD?

Answer 20

An undesired, persistent though- EX: fear of getting dirty

Question 21

What is a compulsion with OCD?

Answer 21

An unwanted urge to perform an act or ritual- EX: washing hands repeatedly

Question 22

What is the defense mechanism associated with OCD?

Answer 22

Undoing- the ritual decreases the anxiety caused by the obsessive thought; the person knows the symptoms are ego-dystonic

Question 23

What does ego-dystonic mean?

Answer 23

Unacceptable

Question 24

What does ego-syntonic mean?

Answer 24

Acceptable

Question 25

What is an acute stress disorder (PTSD)?

Answer 25

Also known as post traumatic stress disorder; occurs after a traumatic event, person experiences fear and helplessness

Question 26

What does the reaction of PTSD depend on?

Answer 26

Pre-existing conditions, coping style, support system, previous exposure to trauma, and meaning of event

Question 27

What are symptoms of PTSD?

Answer 27

Amnesia, depersonalization, derealization, numbing, lack of emotional response, flashbacks, nightmare

Question 28

When do symptoms occur after PTSD?

Answer 28

one month or more post trauma, can go unnoticed for years

Question 29

What is the defense mechanism associated with PTSD?

Answer 29

Denial, repression.

Question 30

What are somataform disorders?

Answer 30

Characterized by long standing physical symptoms with no organ pathology. EX: long day=headache

Question 31

What is hypochondriasis?

Answer 31

When a person misinterprets physical symptoms despite medical evidence- interferes with daily life. Usually makes symptoms worse.

Question 32

What is somatization disorder?

Answer 32

When a person seeks constant medical treatment for basically nothing; usually occurs before age 30

Question 33

What is a conversion disorder?

Answer 33

An unconscious use of physical symptom to solve problem with no explanation.

Question 34

What is a key symptom of a conversion disorder?

Answer 34

La Belle indiference

Question 35

What is La Belle Indiference?

Answer 35

When a sudden onset of a crippling symptom like paralysis happens, and the person is completely calm because it gets rid of their anxiety.

Question 36

What are dissociative disorders?

Answer 36

Disturbances in identity, memory, consciousness, or perception of environments.

Question 37

What is a dissociative identity disorder?

Answer 37

The existance of two or more personalities when each takes control of persons behaviors

Question 38

What are symptoms of dissociative identity disorders?

Answer 38

The person has opposite attitudes and behaviors, they are unable to recall information, personalities may or may not be aware of each other

Question 39

What usually causes dissociative identity disorders?

Answer 39

History of sexual trauma before age 6

Question 40

What is Dissociative Fugue?

Answer 40

When a person leaves home and develops a new identity and new activities

Question 41

What is dissociative amnesia?

Answer 41

One or more episodes of inability to recall important personal information, usually of traumatic nature.

Question 42

What are biological and physiological causes of anxiety disorders?

Answer 42

Dysregulation of neurotransmitters, genetic, flight or fight stress responses.

Question 43

What are behavioral causes of anxiety disorders?

Answer 43

Person associates increased anxiety with situations where anxiety occured

Question 44

What are psychodynamic causes of anxiety disorders?

Answer 44

Freud's anal stage of development; OCD unconscious conflict, agressive or soiling impulse, need for acceptance. (Test question)

Question 45

What are interpersonal causes of anxiety disorders?

Answer 45

Sullivan- originates in mother/child relationship, person has excessive need to control environment

Question 46

What are primary gains of anxiety disorders?

Answer 46

Anxiety is reduced. (Test Question)

Question 47

What are secondary gains of anxiety disorders?

Answer 47

Attention, taken care of, released responsibility (Test Question)

Question 48

What are pharm treatments for anxiety disorders?

Answer 48

Benzodiazapines, Nonbenzos, Antidepressants

Question 49

What are benzodiazapines used for and an example?

Answer 49

Xanax, Ativan; can become dependent, not for substance abusers. Use for General anxiety disorders, ASD and PTSD

Question 50

What are nonbenzos used for and examples?

Answer 50

Buspar, Vistaril; Non addicting

Question 51

What are some antidepressants used for and examples?

Answer 51

Zoloft; Help with symptoms of OCD, usually subside in 3 weeks.

Question 52

What is Sodium Amytal Hypnosis and what is it used for?

Answer 52

Used for DID; The person goes into an altered state and repressed memories can come out

Question 53

What are some other treatments for anxiety disorders?

Answer 53

Relaxation, meditation, desensitization, reprocessing, journals, rubber bands

Question 54

What are short term nursing goals for anxiety disorders?

Answer 54

To decrease OCD rituals, seek out staff if feeling abusive

Question 55

What are some nursing interventions for anxiety disorders?

Answer 55

Lower anxiety, listen, develop positive coping skills, reassure, stress reduction