Anxiety Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of anxiety

A

A response to an anticipated stimulus that is perceived as potentially challenging or harmful
Anticipation of a future threat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Defn of anxiety disorder

A

When anxiety is associated with distress and impairs functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Defn of fear

A

Emotional response to real or perceived imminent threat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Defn of social phobia

A

An excessive fear of embarrassment or humiliation in public spaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Non-generalised social phobia

A

Performance in a particular social situation, such as public speaking, is the main concern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Generalised social phobia

A

Person has multiple fears e.g. speaking, writing, eating in public

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Agoraphobia

A

A generalised social phobia in which there is a fear of open spaces, social situations, crowds etc. Associated with avoidance of these stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Management of social phobias?

A

Pharmacological:

  • Social phobia –> SSRI or irreversible MOAI
  • Generalised social phobia –> classical MOAI or TCA
  • Short-term relief –> beta-blockers

CBT:

  • Desensitisation
  • Cognitive restructuring
  • Group therapy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Defn of generalised anxiety disorder

A

A disorder characterised by excessive and continual worry and tension, which the patient experiences as uncontrollable, about a number of daily events and activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Management of generalised anxiety disorder

A

Pharmacological:

  • First line: antidepressant –> SSRI/SNRI
  • Second-line: benzodiazepines

Psychotherapy:

  • Education
  • Cognitive restructuring
  • Relaxation exercises
  • Worry exposure
  • Worry behaviour control (eliminate worry behaviours)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

OCD defn

A

A common, chronic condition, often associated with marked anxiety or depression, characterised by obsessions and compulsions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Obsession defn

A

Recurrent and persistent, intrusive thoughts, urges or images that are intrusive/unwanted and that increase anxiety or distress
The individual attempts to ignore/suppress these or neutralize them with another thought/action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Compulsion defn

A

Repetitive behaviours or mental acts that the individual feels driven to perform in response to an obsession, or according to rigid rules
These behaviours are aimed at reducing/preventing anxiety/distress/dreaded situation, however, they’re not connected in a realistic way with what they are trying to prevent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Management of OCD?

A

Psychological:

  • CBT: behavioural approach, including exposure and responsive prevention
  • Behavioural therapy
  • Psychotherapy: groups, supportive

Pharmacological:

  • Antidepressants: SSRIs
  • Augmentation: antipsychotics (risperidone), especially if psychotic features or schizotypal traits

Physical:

  • ECT
  • Psychosurgery: for severe incapacitating intractable cases
  • Deep brain stimulation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

PTSD defn

A

Severe psychological disturbance following traumatic event, characaterised by involuntary re-experiencing elements of the event, with symptoms of hyper-arousal, avoidance and emotional numbing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Acute stress disorder defn

A

Similar to PTSD, with greater emphasis on dissociative symptoms, onset within 4 weeks, lasting 3 days to 1 month, after which the diagnosis changes to PTSD