Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Disciplines Exam 1 > Anxiety Disorders > Flashcards

Anxiety Disorders Flashcards

(57 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Which age group w/ Separation Anxiety Disorder are over-concerned about offspring and spouses?

A

Adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

12 month prevalence

Females to Males 2:1

A

Specific Phobias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What should you treat first w/ patients w/ specific phobias

A

Comorbid disorders (if present)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairement in functioning (academic, occupational, social)

A

Separation Anxiety Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Benzodiazepines → can be utilized short term → screen for SUD (substance use disorder)

  • Lorazepam (Ativan) 30 minutes prior to boarding a plane
  • Diazepam (Valium) 30 to 45 minutes prior to MRI
A

Tx for Specific Phobias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  • Recurrent excessive distress when anticipating/experiencing separation from home or major attachment figure
  • Persistent and excessive worry about losing major attachment figures or possible harm to them (illness, injury, disasters, or death)
  • Persistent and excessive worry about experiencing an untoward event which separates (getting lost, being kidnapped, having accident, becoming ill)
  • Persistent reluctance or refusal to go out (due to fear of separation)
A

At least 3 of these = Separation Anxiety Disorder

(DSM Criteria 1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe the genetic factor of Specific Phobias

A

1st degree relatives more likley to have phobia in same category (parent: dogs, child: spiders)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  • Developmentally inappropriate and excessive fear/anxiety of separation from whom individual is attached to
A

Separation Anxiety Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  • unique propensity to vasovagal syncope
  • Brief elevation of heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) followed by deceleration of HR and BP → CNS hypoxia → syncope
A

Blood injection injury phobia

(specific phobia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

2 Comorbidities of children w/ Separation Anxiety Disorder

A
  • Generalized Anxiety Disorder
  • Specific Phobia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  • Inborn response to threat or to the absence of people or objects that signify safety
  • Can result in cognitive (worry) and somatic (racing heart, sweating, shaking, freezing, etc.) symptoms.
A

Normal adaptive anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

May only express anxiety from Separation Anxiety Disorder when separation is experienced

A

Younger children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

•Excessive attention and focus on all internal and external stimuli secondary to paranoid stance

A

Hypervigilance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  • anxiety that is excessive, impairs function.
A

Pathologic anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

At what age do infants develop stranger anxiety?

A

1 year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Onset may be as early as preschool age and at any time during childhood → may persist into adulthood

  • Adolescent onset is rare
  • Adult onset → many not recall childhood disorder but may recall symptoms
A

Separation Anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
  • Anxiety exceeds what would be expected for developmental level
  • is part of development
A

Separation Anxiety Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

•confronting stimulus in real world in a safe and controlled manner (MC and most effective)

A

In vivo exposure

(Tx for specific phobias)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

**Comborbidities of adults w/ Separation Anxiety Disorder**

A

Wide range of other comorbidities

(Phobias, panic disorder, depression) + many more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

reduction in physical and social functioning → risk of depression

A

Fear of falling in older adults can reduce mobility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q
  • The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is persistent and lasting at least ____ in children and adolescents
  • Typically lasting _____ or more in adults.

Separation Anxiety Disorder

A
  • 4 weeks in children/adolescents
  • 6 months or more in adults
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q
  • Frequently associated with depression in older adults
  • Increased risk of developing other anxiety disorders, depressive and bipolar disorders, substance-abuse related disorders, somatic disorders, and personality disorders (particularly dependent PD)
A

Comorbidities of Specific Phobias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

sympathetic arousal response

Study These Flashcards
A

Situational, natural environment, and animal specific phobias

24
Q

•In children, may be expressed by crying, tantrums, freezing, or clinging.

Study These Flashcards
A

Fear or anxiety of children w/ specific phobias

25
•may substantially reduce dietary intake → individual avoids solid foods
Fear of vomiting and choking
26
•Essential feature → fear or anxiety limited to the presence of a particular situation or object
Specific Phobias
27
* Repeated complaints of _physical symptoms_ when separation from major attachment figures occurs or is anticipated. * headaches, stomachaches, nausea, vomiting (child or adults?) * palpitations, dizziness, feeling faint (rare in young children) (child or adults?)
* Separation Anxiety Disorder * Children & Adults * Adults
28
•Essential feature → excessive fear or anxiety concerning separation from home or attachment figures
Separation Anxiety Disorder
29
Medication for children w/ Separation Anxiety Disorder
Fluoxetine (Prozac) \*\*Black Box Warning\*\* (may develop depression --\> suicidal)
30
* Usually develop in childhood * Developmental triggers * Traumatic event (attacked by animal, stuck in an elevator) * Observation of a traumatic event (watching someone drown) * Unexpected panic attack in the feared situation (while on a subway) * Many are unidentifiable
Specific Phobias
31
What is the 1st line tx for children & adults w/ Separation Anxiety Disorder?
**Psychotherapy** * Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) * Coping Cat (pediatric program 7-13 yrs) * Family therapy
32
Is separation anxiety more common in males or females?
Females
33
•Indicates the development of secure attachment relationships
Separation Anxiety
34
Which part of the brain activates the sympathetic nervous system, release of adrenaline?
Hypothalamus
35
What are the _3 personality disorders_ *associated w/* Separation Anxiety Disorder?
* **Social Anxiety Disorder** (proximity/safety of main attachment figures) * **Dependent PD** (indiscriminate tendency to rely on others) * **Borderline PD** \*\*(fear and abandonment by loved ones, _problems w/ identity_, _interpersonal functioning,_ _impulsivity)_\*\*
36
•Not going away to college
Functional Challenges of: Adolescents w/ Separation Anxiety Disorder
37
Which part of the body releases cortisol for continued alertness?
Adrenal cortex
38
Anxiety can become self-generating – symptoms reinforce the reaction
spiral effect
39
•symptoms of anxiety are both a response to CNS state and a reinforcement of further anxiety
Sympathomimetic sxs
40
•Typically there are periods of exacerbation and remission
Separation Anxiety
41
Worries begin to emerge in which age group of children with Separation Anxiety Disorder? ## Footnote * Specific → accidents, kidnapping * Vague → not being reunited with attachment figures * Described as being intrusive, demanding, in need of constant attention When separated may exhibit (social withdrawal, apathy, sadness)
Older children
42
Specific Phobias typically last at least ___ months or more.
6 months
43
* Difficulty sleeping alone * School refusal → not attending / avoiding school * Not going to camp
Functional Challenges of: Children w/ Separation Anxiety Disorder
44
* Almost always provokes immediate fear or anxiety. * Can vary w/ proximity * May occur in anticipation of or in actual presence
The feared object or situation
45
Risk factors * Parental overprotectiveness * Parental loss or separation * Physical or sexual abuse
Specific Phobias
46
2 risk factors for Separation Anxiety
* **Life stress** (death of loved one, change of school, becoming parent) * **Parental overprotection** and/or **intrusiveness**
47
1st line tx for Specific Phobias
* CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy) w/ exposure leads to greatest reduction in sxs * Alters maladaptive thoughts/behaviors linked to emotional distress * Ex: Animal exposure
48
•Anxiety caused by consciously recognized and realistic danger
Fear
49
What is the recommended medication for adults w/ Separation Anxiety Disorder?
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) * Sertraline (Zoloft), increase dosage after 6 weeks
50
* Persistent and excessive _fear of or reluctance about being alone_ or _without major attachment figures_ at home or in other settings. * **Children** may display **“clinging”** and/or **“shadowing”** behavior * Persistent _reluctance or refusal to sleep away from home_ or to go to _sleep without being near a major attachment figure_.
Separation Anxiety | (DSM Criteria 2)
51
•Feeling of apprehension caused by anticipation of danger, which may be internal or external
Anxiety
52
* Not leaving parental home * Not traveling * Need to continuously check on offspring / significant others
Functional Challenges of : Adults w/ Separation Anxiety Disorder
53
* Virtual reality * Treatment gains w/ exposure therapy appear to be maintained for at least 1 year (continued self-exposure on a regular basis is important) * Repeated, graded, systematic confrontation of the feared stimulus to facilitate fear reduction
Tx for specific phobias
54
* \*\*\*What is the most prevalent anxiety disorder in **children \<12 yrs old?**\*\*\*
Separation anxiety disorder
55
•confronting stimulus in imagination – useful when situation is costly (e.g. flying) or infrequent (e.g. storms)
Imaginal exposure | (tx for specific phobias)
56
What 3 things are seen with borderline PD in patient's w/ separation anxiety disorder?
* Problems w/ identity * Problems w/ interpersonal functioning * Problems w/ impulsivity
57
Which part of the brain reacts to threat?
Amygdala

Disciplines Exam 1 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions