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NURS 3132: Mental Health > Anxiety & PTSD > Flashcards

Anxiety & PTSD Flashcards

1
Q

Define anxiety

A

Apprehension, uneasiness, uncertainty, or dread from real or perceived threat

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2
Q

What is normal anxiety?

A
  • necessary for survival

A natural response to threatening situations – could be stress at school/work or in times of loss, divorce, accidents, or trauma

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3
Q

When is anxiety considered a disorder?

A

when the degree of anxiety of fear is so high that it interferes with personal, occupational, or social functioning

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of mild anxiety?

A
  • Daily hassles
  • Alert and perceptual field is increase
  • See and hear better bc senses are heightened
  • Can prompte creativity
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5
Q

What are characteristics of moderate anxiety?

A
  • Perceptual field narrows into what they are focusing on
  • Feel worried
  • Hears sees and understands less
  • Can redirect a person in this level
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6
Q

what are characteristics of severe anxiety?

A
  • Significant reduction in perceptual field - unable to think about anything else
  • All behaviour is aimed at relieving that anxiety
  • Some direction might be needed to refocus them, but we can still redirect them
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7
Q

What are characteristics of panic?

A
  • Involves awe, dread, terror, disorganization of personality
  • Increased or degreed motor activity (fight/flight/freeze)
  • Decreased ability to relate to others
  • Distorted perceptions
  • Loss of rational thought
  • Inability to communicate or function effectively, even w direction
  • People dont do well with someone trying to redirect or ask questions
  • Might be aggressive and unpredictable
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8
Q

What is an anxiety disorder?

A

Excessive fear resulting in altered perceptions and behaviour

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9
Q

Which disorder frequently co-occurs with anxiety?

A

depressive disorders

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10
Q

What are characteristics of a panic disorder?

A
  • Panic attacks are key feature
  • Connected w disorganized thinking, doom, SOB, chest pain, feelings of terror and helplessness, palpations
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11
Q

What is separation anxiety disorder?

A

Developmentally inappropriate levels of concern over being away from a significant other

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12
Q

What is agoraphobia?

A

Excessive anxiety or fear about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing

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13
Q

What is social anxiety disorder?

A

Severe anxiety or fear provoked by exposure to a social or a performance situation that will be evaluated negatively by others

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14
Q

What are characteristics of generalized anxiety disorder?

A
  • Excessive worry that lasts for months
  • Inability to quit worrying/hypervigilant
  • Symptoms for at least 6 months
  • Impairs social, occupational or other important areas of functioning
  • Begins in childhood to young adults
  • Worrying about everyday concerns

-Trouble concentrating, agitated

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15
Q

Define obsessions

A

Thoughts, impulses, or images that persist and recur, so that they cannot be dismissed from the mind

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16
Q

Define compulsions

A

Ritualistic behaviours an individual feels driven to perform in an attempt to reduce anxiety

17
Q

What is obsessive-compulsive disorder?

A

a disorder in which people have recurring, unwanted thoughts, ideas or sensations (obsessions). To get rid of the thoughts, they feel driven to do something repetitively (compulsions).

18
Q

What neurotransmitters are impacted when someone is anxious?

A
  • Low GABA: trouble relaxing, racing thoughts, photosensitvtiy, stiff, palpitations, irritable bowel
  • Serotonin and norepinephrine: worrying, poor concentration, poor sleep, poor appetite
19
Q

What is acute stress disorder?

A
  • Occurs within one month of a highly traumatic event (resolving within 4 weeks)
  • has to have at least 3 dissociative symptoms present
20
Q

What are the symptoms of acute stress disorder?

A
  • a subjective sense of numbing, detachment, or absence of emotional responsiveness
  • a reduction in awareness of surroundings
  • derealization (a sense of unreality related to the environment)
  • depersonalization (a sense of unreality or self-estrangement)
  • dissociative amnesia
21
Q

What are the features of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

A
  • Re-experiencing of the trauma through recurrent intrusive recollections (Flashbacks)
  • Avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma
  • Numbing of general responsiveness,

-Increased arousal – irritability, difficulty sleeping, difficulty concentrating, hypervigilance, or exaggerated startle response

22
Q

What is dissociative disorder?

A

-Occur after significant adverse experiences or traumas

-Individuals respond to stress with severe interruption of consciousness

  • Unconscious defence mechanism

-Protects individual against overwhelming anxiety through emotional separation

NURS 3132: Mental Health (7 decks)

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