Anxiolytics And Antidepressants

Question 0

Which is the most widespread transmitter in the brain?

Answer 0

Serotonin

Question 1

Where are emotions bunched together in the brain?

Answer 1

In the limbic system

Question 2

Which enzyme breaks down serotonin?

Answer 2

Tryptophan hydroxylase

Question 3

Desipramine and imipramine are both…

Answer 3

Tricyclic antidepressants

Question 4

Sertraline, citalopram and fluoxetine (Prozac) are all

Answer 4

Selective serotonin re uptake inhibitors

Question 5

Fenfluramine and Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, E) are both..

Answer 5

SERT Inhibitors, 5-ht releasers

Question 6

5HT1a-5HT1f

Answer 6

Decrease camp

Question 7

5HT4-5HT5b

Answer 7

Increase camp

Question 8

5HT2a - 5HT2c

Answer 8

Increase inositol phosphates and calcium

Question 9

5HT3

Answer 9

Ligand-gated ionic channel - GABBA A receptor, positive ions flow in and cell becomes more excitable

Question 10

Which area of the brain are the dopamine receptors in?

Answer 10

Ventral tegmental area

Question 11

What happens to L DOPA

Answer 11

converted to the enzyme which produces the transmitter dopamine

Question 12

What are the two main classes of dopamine receptor?

Answer 12

D1 like - increases cAMP

D2 like - decreases cAMP

Question 13

What are the 2 main types of depression

Answer 13

Major (unipolar)

Bipolar (manic)

Question 14

Symptoms of depression are

Answer 14

Low or depressed mood
Anhedonia
Low energy or fatigue

Question 15

Symptoms of mania are

Answer 15

Elation
Talkativeness, creativity
Fullness of energy and confidence

Question 16

Patients who suffer from depression tend to have

Answer 16

High levels of cortisol (HPA axis)

Question 17

Which areas of the brain tend to be over active in depression?

Answer 17

HPA axis and Amygdala

Question 18

What are two non drug therapies for depression

Answer 18

Psychotherapy

ECT

Question 19

Name five drugs for depression

Answer 19

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Tricyclic drugs
Selective serotonin re uptake inhibitors
Third generation antidepressants
Mood stabilisers

Question 20

Phenelzine (Nardil)

Answer 20

Depression and bipolar
Monamine oxidase inhibitor 
Side effects - hypertension, weight gain, oedema and sexual dysfunction. Sedation.
Avoid cheese, yogurt etc..
Avoid drugs that effect BP.

Question 21

Tranylcypromine (Parnate)

Answer 21

Treatment of severe depression

Monoamine oxidase inhibitor

Question 22

Imipramine
Amitriptyline
Doxepin

Answer 22

Tricyclic antidepressants
Shouldn’t be given to patients with history of cv disease.
Sedation and anti cholinergic effects.

Question 23

Fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine, sertraline, citalopram.

Answer 23

Selective serotonin re uptake inhibitors
Sexual dysfunction and anorexia
Dependence and withdrawal
Drug interactions - MAOIs, cimetidine and warfarin.

Question 24

Bupropion | Venlafaxine

Answer 24

Miscellaneous next generation antidepressants

Question 25

Lithium carbonate Lithium citrate Carbamazepine Topiramate

Answer 25

Mood stabilisers Side effects - dizziness, headache, confusion, hair loss, oedema, cardiac dysrhythmias and nephrotoxicity. Toxicity and withdrawal.

Question 26

Name five anxiety disorders

Answer 26

``` Generalised anxiety disorder Panic disorder Phobias Post traumatic stress disorder Obsessive compulsive disorder ```

Question 27

What may anxiety be due to?

Answer 27

Under activity of an inhibitory pathway in the brain

Question 28

What are here types of anxiolytics?

Answer 28

Sedative hypnotics Benzodiazepines Second generation non-benzodiazepines

Question 29

Thiopental, seconarbital, phenobarbital, zolpidem.

Answer 29

Sedative hypnotics Side effects - drowsiness or hangover, dependence and tolerance, possible seizure on withdrawal. Avoid other CNS depressants

Question 30

Diazepam, aprozalam, tamazepam, lorazepam.

Answer 30

Benzodiazepines Side effects - anti cholinergic effects, date rape. Shouldn't be given to patients suffering from glaucoma.

Question 31

Buspirone

Answer 31

Non - benzodiazepine anxiolytic | Anti cholinergic effects

Question 32

What may patients with disorganised schizophrenia have?

Answer 32

Difficult to understand, speech may be incomprehensible

Question 33

What may patients with paranoid schizophrenia experience?

Answer 33

Hallucinations, delusions, disorganised behaviour.

Question 34

What is catatonic schizophrenia?

Answer 34

May experience catatonic stupor and waxy flexibility

Question 35

Chlorpromazine, fluohenazine, haloperidol, loxapine

Answer 35

Antipsychotics/neuroleptics Side effects - Parkinsonism, sedation, hypotension, impaired thermoregulation and lactation, neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Question 36

Clozapine, amisulpride, risperidone, olanzepine.

Answer 36

Atypical antipsychotics Management of schizophrenia Side effects - headache, blurred vision, photosensitivity, insomnia, nervousness, dizziness. GI stress, weight gain.