AO1 Flashcards
Acrolect
The variety of speech that is closest to a ‘standard prestige’ form of language, especially where a creole is spoken
Basilect
The variety of speech that is further from a ‘standard prestige’ , especially where a creole is spoken
Code switching
Switching from one language variety to another
Colonisation
Settling among and establishing control over an indigenous population
Explains why many African countries speak L1 English e.g. Kenya, Nigeria, Ghana
Covert Prestige
Use of non-standard lang within a social group
E.g. Singlish, Ghanian English
Creole
When a pidgin is taught as the mother tongue of a generation, it becomes a creole
Diasporas
Dispersal of languages around the world
Happens due to globalisation/ colonisation
Ethnolect
Variety of lang associated with certain ethic group
Heritage Language
Language that is not dominant in the society they live in, but is spoken at home
Intersectionality
Idea that social categorisations are all interconnected.
Someones ethnicity can’t be separate from their gender, sexuality etc…
L1 English
English as a first lang
L2 English
English as a second lang
Language Death
Native languages ‘dying out’ due to colonisation leaving no native speakers within a speech community
Lingua Franca
Common language adopted between those with different native languages
Linguicism
Linguistic racism
Mesolect
Variety of speech sharing some features of the ‘standard prestige’ variety, especially where a creole is spoken
Mother Tongue
Language first learned as a child
Overt Prestige
Obvious prestige associated with using a standard English variety
Pidgin
Grammatically simplified form of English with some elements taken from local languages
Enables those who don’t speak same lang to communicate
Different to a lingua franca as it’s a ‘new’ variety of speech
