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AOS 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

two broad divisions of literary forms found in Scripture (the Bible)

A
  1. Collective and Individual forms

2. Narrative and Non-narrative forms

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2
Q

The Important Types of Collective Literary Forms (3 Types)

A
  1. Saga
  2. Epic
  3. Gospel
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3
Q

Saga definition

A

A set of narratives that focus on one person or hero
e.g. the saga of Abraham or the saga of Joseph from Genesis, the saga of Indiana Jones from the movie trilogy

S= Single person

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4
Q

Epic definition

A

A set of narratives that generally focus on a group
e.g. a tribe, nation etc.
Examples: the exodus story of the Hebrew people

E= Everyone

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5
Q

Gospel definition

A

It literally means “good news”. This is a set of stories specifically designed to inform about the teachings of life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ.

G= Good News = Jesus

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6
Q

Individual Narrative Literary Forms (9 subsections)

A
  1. Creation Story/Myth
  2. Annunciation
  3. Nativity
  4. Call Story
  5. Parable
  6. Rescue Miracle
  7. Healing Miracle
  8. Theophany
  9. Ressurection Narrative
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7
Q

Creation Story/Myth

A

to explain the origins of the world, of people, animals, plants, usually focusing on god/s role and humanity

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8
Q

Annunciation

A

A special message is sent to foretell the birth of a child who will have a special role in God’s plan
purpose: to introduce an important person to the overall narrative

Annunciation=Announcement

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9
Q

Nativity

A

A story concerning the actual birth and early days of a particular child, often emphasising the child’s future role

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10
Q

Call Story

A

A specific person is summoned to perform a special task or join a special group

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11
Q

Parable

A

A teaching story with a spiritual truth, usually portrayed within a larger story as a story-teller speaking to a specific person or audience

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12
Q

Rescue Miracle

A

A supernatural act which saves a person or group from danger, often used to emphasise the ‘God-who-cares’.

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13
Q

Healing Miracle

A

A supernatural act which restores a person to good health, often used to show that the healer is God or has God’s authority

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14
Q

Theophany

A

A story emphasising the actual presence of the divine in some special way
e.g. by dramatic appearance, sound or event
Examples: burning bush, pillar of fire etc.

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15
Q

Ressurection Narrative

A

A supernatural act, restoring a dead person to full life OR an encounter with a person who has returned from death to life.

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16
Q

Individual Non-Narrative Literary Forms (5 types)

A 
Genealogy
Liturgy
Law/s
Proverb
Poems
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17
Q

Genealogy

A

A family tree or line of familial descent, often used to show a person to have an important role be linking them to earlier significant people
e.g. gospel of Luke- Genealogy of Jesus

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18
Q

Liturgy

A

Examples or instructions as to how to conduct prayers and rituals

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19
Q

Law/s- 2 types

A

Apoditic law: guidelines for behaviour, expressed as what should or should not happen e/g/ thou shalt not. Most of the 10 commandements are apoditic laws

Casuistic law: Guidelines for behaviour, with conditional consequences. e.g. if you do this, then that will happen.

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20
Q

Proverbs

A

Short sayings of advice ro life-wisdom (early bird gets the worm etc.)

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21
Q

Poems

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A

Artistically expressed sentiments (sometimes containing narrative). The book of Psalms contains many examples including types of…
Laments: songs of woe, describing a bad situation and usually asking for Gods help
Hyms or Canticles: songs in praise for God

22
Q

The Pentateuch summary

Study These Flashcards
A

The word Pentateuch is constructed from the words ‘five’ and ‘books’ in Greek. It is the first 5 books of the bible, also known as the Torah or the books of Law/Moses. The five books are Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. They are known as the books of Moses because they’re thought o have been written by Moses, however, many people believe this to be false.

23
Q

two pieces of evidence that the Pentateuch wasnt written by Moses?

Study These Flashcards
A

The different writing styles in the books. e.g. the different themes and depictions of God and the uses of Yahweh and Elohim to describe God
Moses’ death is described in the book and he obviously couldn’t have written about his own death

24
Q

The four strands/sources that make up the Pentateuch

Study These Flashcards
A

Yahweh, Elohist, Priestly, and Deuteronomist
(JEPD)

Yahweh is the oldest and Priestly is the youngest

25
Yahwist strand
Style: It has an anthropomorphic view of God. It uses the word Canaanites to describe the natives of Palestine. The Holy mountain is called Sinai. When: approximately sometime before 922BC Where: Jerusalem or the Southern Kingdom of Judah Themes: The importance of cultic worship and God's salvation. Example: Second creation story of Adam and Eve
26
Elohist Strand
Style: Uses the term Elohim for God. God is more abstract. Uses Mount Horeb as the place of the Mosaic Covenant/holy place. Refers to the natives of Palestine as Horeb. It showed God as acting through symbols such as the burning bush When: between approximately 922-722 BC Where: Northern kingdom of Israel/Ephraim Themes: emphasises the importance of prophecy and covenant is central.
27
Deuteronomist strand
Style: Holy Mountain is Horeb. Uses Elohim as the name for God. It is most likely independent of the other books When: approximately after 640BC either written or edited by a priest Where: Southern Kingdom of Judah/capital Jerusalem Themes: emphasises Law as the foundation of the kingdom of Judah. It interprets Israel's history as a cycle of God's forgiveness and renewal of the covenant, followed by people's failure to live the covenant, which is followed by punishment due to them not following the covenant.
28
Priestly Strand
Style: God is Elohim. Focus on the majesty of God and creation When: End of the Babylonian Exile approximately 530 BC Where: Babylon/Jerusalem Themes: Preserves traditions such as genealogies, precise locations, ages and ways of worship. Regal view of God.
29
Genesis
Genesis: The author of Genesis is unknown. It is a gathering of oral traditions and stories from tribal peoples sometimes from 1125-1000BC. It touched on the themes of the goodness of Creation, human responsibility, the effects of sin, covenant, and God's bringing good out of evil. The stories in the first eleven chapters are prehistory. Chapters 12-15 cover the period of the ancestors, or the patriarchs and the matriarchs (from 1900-1500BC)
30
Leviticus
Exodus: The time period is sometime from 1500-1250 BC. The author is unknown and this book is also a gathering of oral traditions and stories from various tribal peoples. The themes are God's liberation of people from oppression and slavery, God sustaining the Israelites in the wilderness, and God forming a covenant marked by laws and rituals.
31
Numbers
Numbers: The time period is the thirty-nine years of wandering in the desert after the Exodus. The author is the priestly scribes writing during the Babylonian Exile (587-538BC). Themes include: faithfulness and gratefulness to God are necessary for Israel to obtain the Promised land.
32
Deuteronomy
Deuteronomy: The period is just before the Israelites enter the promised land. The authors are the scribes from the eighth century BC adapting the earlier Covenant Law to Israel's changing situation. The major theme is the importance of the Covenant, the total commitment required by God's law.
33
Creation Story 1- 7 days features
``` Priestly source it uses the term Elohim for God day 1: light day 2: Atmosphere/Sky day 3: dry ground and plants day 4: sun, moon and stars day 5: birds and sea creatures day 6: people day 7: rest e.g. 3 days of creation, 3 days of decoration It uses repetition and it is ordered in a sophisticated way God is distant not personally present in the act of creation God is all powerful ```
34
Creation Story 2- Adam and Eve features
Yahwah Source The world is already partially formed, but God simply uses his powers to create 1. made people/man 2. made the garden 3. made animals 4. made a woman from the man's ribs the man was made from the dust of the ground, the woman was made from the man's ribs It has a more early tone, e.g. the connection with physical places and the rivers named and described no reliance on the structure or a clear order to creation physically present God that physically created the idea of clay and dust, man made from clay, God is a potter and Eve is made from Adam
35
7 days teaching purposes - Man and woman/humankind - Nature of God - Why did God rest on the seventh day? - why are the terms 'good' and 'very good' used? - is creation a random event/why is this important? - Ruah - specific teaching purposes (4)
he created man in his own image, this is important because it means all humans are equal and important in the eyes of God and everyone should be respected what should humans do: they have dominion over all things, multiply and rule over what had been made. relationship between man and woman: only mentions men, no mention of relationship except procreation God uses his words to make the world, he says it shall be and it is e.fg. 'Then God said, "Let there be light"; and there was light". This shows that God is all-powerful and amazing in this story God rested on the seventh day to show that everyone should have one day of rest in a week, e.g. sabbath. It is important to not work for one day and have a day to worship God The terms 'good' and 'very good' are used because in many religions of the time humans and other life were thought to be by-products of the Gods and not necessarily 'good' Creation wasn't random it was intentional, another difference between this creation story and other creation stories at the time, that the world was often created from chaos' Hebrew word ruah: everything has the breath of life there is only one God, everything in creation is good, creation is an intentional act by God, the sabbath is a holy day and must be kept sacred. This was all different in many religions in Babylon and these were specifically created in this story to refute these.
36
Adam and Eve teaching purposes - what does the story say about God's nature/is he close or distant from humanity (examples from the text) - what is humankinds role in the created world - what is the significance of woman and man sharing the same substance in this story? - what does the passage say about the relationship between man and woman? - ruah
God is shown to be caring and close to humanity. This is shown when God "formed the man from the dust of the ground", like a potter. This is also shown when God "caused a deep sleep to fall upon the man" when he took his rib, so as to not hurt the man. Alongside this "God formed every animal of the field and every bird of the air" to offer up to the man as his partner because '"It is not good that the man should be alone"'. These both show God to be very caring. Humankind's role is to till and keep the garden of Eden and to procreate and be partners the significance of man and woman sharing the same substance is that it shows their equal relationship and worth. To note: creation wasn't completed until woman was created The relationship between the man and woman is an equal one, shown by how they're made from the same substance, and when God describes them as being 'partners', insinuating a mutually beneficial relationship. Ruah: God breathed into the nostrils of the man and gave him life. It is intimate
37
Annunciation story quote: the appearance of an angel
Luke 1: 26 'In the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent by God to a town in Galilee called Nazareth"
38
Annunciation story quote: fear response of a person
Luke 1: 30 'The angel said to her, "Do not be afraid Mary, for you have favour with God..."'
39
Annunciation story quote: the divine message: person addressed by name
Luke 1: 30 'the angel said to her, "Do not be afraid Mary, for you have favour with God"'
40
Annunciation story quote: the divine message: qualifying phrase describing the person
Luke 1: 27 "a virgin engaged to a man whose name was Joseph" Luke 1: "greetings, favoured one"
41
Annunciation story quote: the divine message: person urged not to be afraid
Luke 1: 30 "The angel said to her, 'Do not eb afraid Mary, because you have favour with God...'"
42
Annunciation story quote: the divine message: woman is to have child
Luke 1:31 "And now, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son"
43
Annunciation story quote: the divine message: name by which the child will be called
Luke 1: 31 "you will name him Jesus"
44
Annunciation story quote: the divine message: phrase interpreting the name
Luke 1: 32 "He will be great, and will be called the Son of the Most High" Luke 1: 35 "He will be called Son of God"
45
Annunciation story quote: the divine message: future accomplishments of the child
Luke 1: 32-33 "the Lord God will give to him the throne of his ancestor David. He will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of his kingdom there will be no end"
46
Annunciation story quote: objections of the person
Luke 1: 34 "Mary said to the angel, 'How can this be, since I am a virgin?'"
47
Annunciation story quote: a sign to reassure the person
Luke 1:37 "For nothing will be impossible with God"
48
The two creation stories
The two creation stories are an example of a doublet (a repeated story in the bible). They are very different in a number of ways, especially in their form and purpose, because they're from different strands. They are teaching stories, that teach a greater truth about existence not the origins of existence.
49
The difference between features and teaching purposes
The feature is what the story is about and the teaching purpose is the reason/why the story is included at all
50
The main difference between the Gods in each creation story
Yahweh is intimately concerned with Man and Woman he made the Jewels of his creation. Elohim is the awe inspiring creator of heaven and earth

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