AOS 2 Flashcards

Question

Long-Term Consequences of Nutritional Imbalance - ADULT OBESITY

Answer 1

Being overweight or obese during youth that continues into adulthood is associated with several health and well-being concerns that hurt an individual. According to the World Health Organisation, being overweight is associated with a higher risk of disease, particularly if the body fat is concentrated around the abdomen Nutritional Imbalances Causing Obesity One of the main causes of obesity is poor-quality food intake, specifically taking in more energy than needed to support an individual’s daily activity level. One of the primary sources of extra energy consumption during youth is regular consumption of sweetened beverages (soft drinks and energy drinks) that results in an over-consumption of simple carbohydrates.

Answer 2

What is it Cardiovascular Disease encompasses a range of conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels. CVD is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, often influenced by lifestyle factors including diet. Nutritional imbalances High intake of saturated and trans fats, excessive sodium, and high sugar consumption leads to obesity and insulin resistance, both risk factors for CVD. Low intake of fruits, vegetables, and fiber

Answer 3

What is osteoporosis Osteoporosis occurs when bones lose minerals more quickly than the body can replace them, leading to loss of bone density. As a result, the bones become thinner and less dense, so even a minor injury or accident can cause serious fractures. Nutritional Imbalance A diet with inadequate calcium and phosphorous prevents bones from being able to strengthen and mineralise. This can lead to reduced bone density and strength, and eventually to osteoporosis. Vitamin D assists the body in absorbing calcium and phosphorus, and so is important in preventing osteoporosis.

Answer 4

What is it? The colon and rectum are the parts of the body’s digestive system that remove nutrients from food and store waste until it passes out of the body. The colon is the large intestine. Cancer that begins in the colon is called colon cancer and cancer that begins in the rectum is called rectal cancer. Nutritional Imbalances which act as a risk factor A long-term lack of fiber in the diet is the biggest risk for colorectal cancer, although a high saturated fat intake is also considered to be a risk factor. Skipping any meals throughout the day will usually result in a lower-than-recommended fiber intake.

Answer 5

PROS + Develop personalised plans + Provide support to individuals + Registered dieticians are accredited and undertake continuous education CONS - Nutrition professionals may refer to themselves as a 'nutritionist' or 'dietician' however, may not be qualified. This isn't regulated.

Answer 6

PROS + Groups such as Nutrition Australia and Choice are independent and free from commercial bias. Therefore provide sound information regarding nutrition + Other companies such as the Heart Foundation and Diabetes Australia also offer legitimate and trustworthy information CONS - Companies like the Heart Foundation and Diabetes Australia may provide information that solely focuses on preventing either heart disease or type 2 diabetes rather than overall health and nutrition.

Answer 7

Often the most influential form of nutritional advice comes from family and friends. Parents often decide on meals as they purchase the foods for the household, and as we go through youth/adolescence we become more easily influenced by our friends. PROS + If our parents have high levels of education, they may provide sound nutritional information CONS - Parents and friends often aren't well informed which can negatively influence our food choices & increase risk factors for poor health and wellbeing

Answer 8

The internet provides a wealth of information and is accessible for many 24/7 which is positive…. Right? Well, in some cases yes, but not always. Let’s look at some advantages and disadvantages. PROS + Government (.gov) sites + Education (.edu) sites + Australian sites due to varying information between countries + Increased accessibility via e-journals and threads CONS - Branded companies (making a profit) - Non-Government sites which aren’t regulated - Lack of context and regulation, meaning information may not be reliable

Answer 9

Immersive marketing is a technique that involves integrating advertising into a complete experience for the consumer. The aim is to create an emotional relationship between the consumer and a particular brand. E.G - The My Coke Rewards program. Enter a code online to win points, to win prizes.

Answer 10

Marketers are constantly advertising new food and drink promotions via Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, Twitter, and other popular digital platforms. They also regularly tempt young people with a variety of competitions, either offering free products or prize money. E.G A young person may find a code on a product they have bought with an invitation to enter a draw to win $1000 in prize money. They enter the code online and encouraged to share on their social media accounts.

Answer 11

Companies pay celebrities to promote or advertise a product. According to research, the use of celebrity endorsements in marketing can not only enhance brand recognition but also the desirability of the product, leading to a positive association, particularly among youth aged 13–15. E.G - Young people associate products with popular celebrities, such as Beyoncé (Pepsi), One Direction (Coke) and Taylor Swift (Diet Coke), and Will.i.am (Doritos, Dr Pepper, Pepsi, and Coke), they are more likely to consume such foods

Answer 12

Product placement is a marketing technique in which a product or service is showcased in some form of media, such as television shows, movies, music videos, social media platforms, or even ads for other products. Forms of product placement include * TV and movie placement * Verbal Placement * Retail Floor Placement

Answer 13

A young person's family can act as an enabler when they encourage the consumption of fruit and vegetables; however, they can also act as a barrier if they are more likely to choose energy-dense processed foods.

Answer 14

The peer group becomes increasingly more important as young people gain their independence and spend more time away from the family home. Through this social influence peers may encourage the 'ideal' body shape and pressure other teens to try particular diets. This may lead to poor eating patterns among young people. Youth may also practice unhealthy eating patterns through the consumption of fast food if this is the norm for their social group.

Answer 15

Access to quality education and health literacy are strongly associated with healthy food behaviours. Many studies have confirmed that people with higher levels of education are more likely to choose healthier lifestyles, including greater consumption of fruits and vegetables. Education can promote awareness of healthy behaviours, such as the importance of eating a balanced diet and is, therefore, linked to an increase in the likelihood of adopting these behaviours.

Answer 16

Religion can play an influential role in the food choices of young people and their families. There are many different religious groups in Australia, and certain groups uphold particular regulations around the consumption of food. People following the Hindu religion tend not to eat beef as cows are considered sacred.

Answer 17

Different ethnic groups select different foods, as this is the environment in which they have been brought up. For example, African and Afro-Caribbean groups often consume foods containing various meats, rice, and wheat. Eastern and far Eastern groups are more likely to consume foods with large amounts of herbs spices and vegetables.

Answer 18

Factors involving policies that may act as enablers or barriers to achieving good nutritional health, an example include schools having healthy canteen policies. However, if schools don't enforce this it may act as a barrier. Another example at the state or federal level includes policies such as the introduction of sugar taxes to try and deter consumers from soft drinks, this aims to make junk food' less affordable for young Australians.

Answer 19

Function: Strengthens and calcifies bones and joints Food Sources: - cheese - dairy - milk - yoghurt

Answer 20

Function: Provide the body with energy during movement or exercises Food Sources: - Bread - Rice - Corn

Answer 21

Function: Build and repair muscles, assist in the production of hormones and enzymes Food Sources: - Chicken - Egg - Fish

Answer 22

Function: Provide working muscles with oxygen via red blood cell production Food Sources: - Red meat - Green leafy vegetables - Poultry

AOS 2 Flashcards

(48 cards)