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Physical education > AOS1 sac > Flashcards

AOS1 sac Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

Fundamental Movement Skills

A

are the foundation for development of more complex and specialized motor skills. includes stability, locomotor and manipulative skills

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2
Q

Fundmental skills include

A

Stability skills- balance and control of the body balance
Locomotor skills- enable us to move through space.
Manipulative skills- controlling an object
throwing, catching, striking

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3
Q

Movement Precision

A

Gross and fine

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4
Q

Gross

A

Recruitment of larger muscle groups and large parts of the body.
Less focus on precision of movement.
Eg. Running Long jump

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5
Q

Fine

A

Recruitment of smaller muscle groups and smaller parts of the body. Focus is on precision.
Eg. Throwing a dart

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6
Q

Type of movement

A

Discrete, serial and continuous

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7
Q

Discrete

A

Have an obvious beginning and end
Kicking a ball A backflip

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8
Q

Serial

A

Several discrete skills performed in a sequence
A gymnastics floor routine

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9
Q

Continuous

A

Have no distinct beginning or end
Running

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10
Q

Predictability of the environment

A

open and closed

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11
Q

Open

A

Performed in unpredictable environments. The conditions are constantly changing and the performer has limited control of this. INTERTRIAL VARIABLITY
Tackling in rugby, dribbling in a soccer match

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12
Q

Closed

A

Predictable environment which the performer has control over. INTERTRIAL VARIABLITY
Basketball free throw, throwing a dart

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13
Q

STAGES OF LEARNING

A

Cognitive, associative and autonomous

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14
Q

Cognitive

A

The first stage of learning a motor skill when performers make many gross errors and have extremely variable performances.

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15
Q

Associative

A

Movement patterns become more refined and become more consistent through practice, fewer errors, improvements are gradual

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16
Q

Autonomous

A

Skills are automatic, focus is directed on game play and strategies, error detection and correction is high

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17
Q

Type

A

Part whole

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18
Q

Part

A

Breaking the skill down into smaller parts
Drills for vault (arm circle, straight jumps)

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19
Q

Whole

A

Practicing the whole skill
Vault

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20
Q

Distribution

A

Massed and Distributed

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21
Q

Massed

A

Having longer but less frequent sessions

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22
Q

Distributed

A

Shorter but more frequent training sessions

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23
Q

Variability

A

Blocked and Random

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24
Q

Blocked

A

Practicing the same skill continuously without changing to a different task

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25
Random
Varied sequencing of different motor skills in the same training session Feedback Definitions
26
Intrinsic
When performers use their own senses to assess performance, including visual, auditory, proprioception and touch
27
Knowledge of Results
Specific feedback about the outcome of the task number of successful shots
28
Knowledge of Performance
Characteristics of performing a task netball coach telling athlete to bend knees when taking a shot
29
Approaches to coaching
Direct instruction and Constraints-based approach
30
Direct instruction
Using activities that focus on specific skills without involving game-like situational factors. Isolation, closed environments ‘Skill and drill’
31
Constraints-based approach
Dynamic approach which takes into account the interaction between the individual, environment and the task Technical and tactical awareness Game like scenarios
32
Individual constraints
●Fitness Level ● Motivation ● Confidence ● Decision-making skills
33
Environment constraint
● Locality to parks ● Gravity ● Weather ● Terrain
34
Task constraint
● Rules of the sport/game ● Equipment ● Dimensions of field/pitch/court ● Instructions on performing task
35
Sociocultural factors
- Family - cultural norms, traditions and beliefs - peers - gender sterotypes - socioeconomic status - local community
36
Psychological Skills
- Motivation - Confidence - Optimal Arousal - Concentration
37
Linear Motion
occurs when all the body parts are moving together in the same direction in a straight or curved line
38
Angular Motion
an object / body part that rotates around a fixed axis
39
Projectile Motion
when a body or object leaves the ground and is affected only by the forces of gravity and air resistance
40
Force
Push or pull - of one object acting upon another Force = mass x acceleration
41
Friction
A force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact
42
Drag force
Air resistance or water resistance which opposes the direction of motion of an object
43
Gravity
A force which pulls an object down towards the centre of the earth
44
Torque
an angular force that causes objects to rotate torque = force x moment arm
45
Inertia
is the tendency for a body to resist a change in its state motion
46
Momentum
a measure of the amount of motion an object has Momentum = mass x velocity
47
Summation of Momentum / Force Summation
Body parts sEquencing heavier/larger to lighter/smaller Coordinated Timing Stability
48
Conservation of Momentum
Momentum remains the same
49
Impulse
the change in momentum of an object Impulse = force x time
50
Speed
the rate of motion
51
Velocity
the rate at which an object is changing position (linear) or rotates (angular)
52
Acceleration
rate of change in an object's velocity Zero acceleration: constant velocity - Positive acceleration = getting faster - Negative acceleration = slowing down
53
Angular Momentum
the amount of motion an object / body has while rotating Eg: Diving Gymnastics ice skating
54
Conservation of Angular Momentum
angular momentum will remain constant throughout a movement if there are no external forces acting upon the body / object Angular momentum = moment of inertia x angular velocity (rate of rotation)
55
Moment of inertia
its resistance to change in its rotatory motion Moment of Inertia = mass x radius (distance from mass to axis of)
56
Newtons first law
Inerhia The body will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force
57
Newtons second law
A force applied to an object will produce a change in motion (acceleration) in the direction of the applied force that is directly proportional to the size of the force and inversely proportional to the objects mass Force = mass x acceleration
58
Newtons third law
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
59
Projectile Motion
Height of release Angel of release Speed of release
60
Angle of release
● Height of release and final height are the same = ideal angle is 45 degrees ● Height of release is higher than the final height = ideal angle of release is less than 45 degrees ●Height of release is lower than the final height = idea angle of release is greater than 45 degrees
61
Speed of release
the speed at which an object is thrown, kicked or propelled into the air Greater speed = greater horizontal range
62
Height of release
Compares the height the projectile is released from and the height at which it lands
63
Lever
AXIS - FORCE - RESISTANCE ARM
64
Mechanical Advantage
Mechanical advantage greater than one = increase force Mechanical advantage less than one = increase speed and range of motion
65
Equilibrium
`when there are no unbalanced forces or torques acting on it
66
Stability
the resistance to the disruption of equilibrium
67
Balance
the ability to control equilibrium (a skill)
68
Centre of Gravity
the point around which the body’s weight is balanced
69
Base of Support
area beneath a person including point of contact between the body and the surface
70
Line of Gravity
direction in which gravity acts
71
Planes over Eastern Europe
Preparation - Determining the purpose of analysis- what will be analysed and how? Observation - Watching live or recording digitally: dynamics of the team, set plays, opponents patterns of play, Evaluation - Deciding what is the problem, what is causing the problem and how can the problem be addressed Error correction- Intervention based on the interpretation of data observed. Weaknesses identified, strategies developed to address these.

Physical education (2 decks)

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