AOS1 unit 1(part 3) Flashcards
What are vascular plants?
Vascular plants are plants that have specialized tissues (xylem and phloem) for transporting water, nutrients, and food throughout the plant.
What are the two main vascular tissues in vascular plants?
Xylem and phloem.
What is the function of xylem?
Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant.
What is the function of phloem?
Phloem transports sugars and nutrients produced by photosynthesis from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
What are the major groups of vascular plants?
Ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms.
What distinguishes gymnosperms from angiosperms?
Gymnosperms produce seeds without fruit, while angiosperms produce seeds enclosed in fruit.
What is transpiration?
Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from leaves, stems, and flowers.
What is the role of stomata in vascular plants?
Stomata are small openings on leaves that regulate gas exchange and water loss through transpiration.
How do vascular plants support themselves structurally?
They have lignified xylem tissue that provides rigidity and support.
What adaptations do vascular plants have for living on land?
They have roots for water absorption, a cuticle to prevent water loss, vascular tissues for transport, and reproductive structures adapted to dry environments.
What is the alternation of generations in vascular plants?
It is the life cycle of plants that includes both a multicellular diploid sporophyte and a multicellular haploid gametophyte stage.
What are some examples of angiosperms?
Flowering plants such as roses, oak trees, and grasses.
How do ferns reproduce?
Ferns reproduce via spores instead of seeds.
What is secondary growth in vascular plants?
Secondary growth is the increase in thickness or girth of a plant, primarily due to the activity of the vascular cambium.
What is the significance of vascular tissues in plant evolution?
Vascular tissues allowed plants to grow taller, access more sunlight, and colonize a variety of terrestrial environments.
