AoS3 Indian Classical Music

Question 1

Indian Classical Music

Answer 1

Indian Classical Music is the classical music of the Indian subcontinent.

It has two major traditions:

The North Indian classical music tradition is called Hindustani, while the South Indian expression is called Carnatic.

Question 2

Aural Tradition

Answer 2

Learnt by imitation from masters

Question 3

Raga

Answer 3

Set of notes combined to create a particular mood.

Listen to this opening Alap section where the Rag is introduced.

Question 4

Sam

Answer 4

First beat of the tala

Question 5

Tala

Answer 5

Rhythmic cycle in Indian Classical Music.

Question 6

Sections

Answer 6

4

Question 7

Sitar

Answer 7

String instrument that plays the melody, 4-7 strings, on 7 string 5 are used for melody and other 2 create drone.

Question 8

Tabla

Answer 8

Pair of drums used to create rhythm section and play tala, may also improvise cross-rhythms

Question 9

Tambura

Answer 9

Creates the drone and harmony.

Question 10

Indian Classical Music Sections

Answer 10

The Alap - Only sitar and table play, introduces raga notes, improvised melody.

The Jhor - Music speeds up and becomes more rhythmical.

The Jhala - Fastest section, still only sitar and tambura.

The Gat - Tabla player joins, group plays pre-composed piece but may also add improvisation, call and response.

Question 11

1 / This musical extract is taken from a piece of Indian Classical Music. From your knowledge of this style of music, identify five features which are typical of this style.

2/ What is the name of the main solo instrument?

3/ Name a possible performer for the solo instrument?

Answer 11

1/ The main features include:

i/ Sitar melody.

ii/ Drone played by the Tambura.

iii/ Tabla Drums playing the Tala rhythm.

iv/ The Sitar melody is an example of virtuoso playing. (Difficult)

v/ The Sitar includes fast scalic runs, pitch bends and slides.