AOTA Wheelchair Seating and Mobility

Question 1

what are the goals for seating and wheeled mobility systems

Answer 1

improve skeletal alignment, prevent/reduce or accomodate deformityh, preserve skin, maintain physiological function
function - enable sitting and wheeled mobility
activity and particiation - enhance movement to enable or optimize participation in ADLs/IADls.

Question 2

how can you determine client’s eating and mobilty needs and goals

Answer 2

goals, medical diagnosis, body structures and function, occupation, physical context, social context, physical skills, cognitive behavioral skills, equipment, payment

Question 3

how do you determine the client’s musculoskeletal and neuromusuclar capacities

Answer 3

observe client’s posture and stability in current seating system
observe patients current transfer to seated postiion
observe pelvis and trunk and hand position

Question 4

describe the seating principles

Answer 4

position - trunk is upright and in mdline position, hip, knees and ankles are flexed to 90 degrees, pelvis is in neutral, head is in midposition, arms are at side of trunk with elbows flexed to 90 degrees
dynamic posture is important oreduce pressure sores
pelvis and thighs provuide base of support stabilty and movement

Question 5

what are the different cushion shapes

Answer 5

flat - used when client does not need support
contoured - provides mrioe support thanflat
custom - most support

Question 6

what are the different cushion materials

Answer 6

foam - lightweight and low cost
gel filled- conform to shape, adequate for postural control, heavy and sensntive to temperature
air filled - lightweight; provides even pressure byut must be properly inflated; decreased postural stability
honeycomb - uneven pressure relief and lghtweight
hybrid
alternating pressure - provide scheduled pressure relief through alternating level of inflation and deflation; reduces postural stability

Question 7

how do you measure for seat width

Answer 7

widest part of thigh or hips and add 1-2 inches

Question 8

how do you measure for seat depth

Answer 8

back of back to the popliteal space of each knee; subtract 1-2 inches. measure both legs for discrepancies.

Question 9

how do you measure for seat height

Answer 9

measure from popliteral space to bottom of client’s heel. keep legs parallel to floor

Question 10

how do you meaure for seat-back height

Answer 10

measure from seat surface to top of client’s shoulders.

Question 11

why are seat and back angle important

Answer 11

seat agnle can help stabilize pelvis if sloped backwards

back angle can be reclined to ease discomfort with hip lesions

Question 12

how do you measure armrest height

Answer 12

measure from seating surface to bottom of client’s flexed elbow; 1 inch higher

Question 13

what are the different types of manual wheelchairs and their codes?

Answer 13

standard - k0001
lightweight - k0003
ultra lightweight - k0005
heavy duty - k0006