AP 2-Exam 1 Flashcards
(123 cards)
1
Q
hepatic macrophages
A
Kupffer cells
2
Q
SaO2
A
arterial oxygen saturation
3
Q
T cells
A
the type of lymphocyte that attacks foreign cells and cells infected by viruses
4
Q
memory B
A
remain in the lymphoid tissues and initiate a secondary response so that pathogens are destroyed before signs and symptoms of the disease appear
5
Q
normal range of albumin in blood
A
3.2 - 5 g/dl
6
Q
HDL
A
high density lipoprotein-good cholesterol
7
Q
the normal HCO3 in blood
A
22-26 mEq/L
8
Q
monophyletic
A
the theory proposes that one stem cells serves as the precursor cell for all the formed elements
9
Q
erythema
A
a red flushing of the skin that is caused by the dilation of skin capillaries containing oxygenated hemoglobin
10
Q
has purple-blue granules
A
basophil
11
Q
type 3 pneumocytes
A
histiocytes
12
Q
inconspicuous granules
A
neutrophils contain these granules in the cytoplasm
13
Q
cells that attack foreign cells and virus infected cells and act as a natural defense against cancer, responsbile for immunological surveillance
A
Natural killer cells
14
Q
neutrophils diameter
A
10-14 microns
15
Q
a chemical mediator in basophils that decreases platelet counts
A
heparin
16
Q
these cells are found to be decreased in number in patients suffering from lupus
A
supressor T
17
Q
these cells are the largest white blood cells
A
monocytes
18
Q
antibody mediated immunity is provided by
A
memory B cells
19
Q
cell mediated immunity is provided by
A
killer T cells
20
Q
Hbs
A
sickle cell hemoglobin
21
Q
induced erythrocythemia
A
blood doping
22
Q
characterized by an increased number of granulocytes
A
myelogenous leukemia
23
Q
normal level of glycosylated hemoglobin
A
4-6%
24
Q
characterized by abnormally small cells that contain low levels of hemoglobin
A
microcytic anemia
25
Warfarin
coumadin
26
LMWH
low molecular weight heparins/Lovenox
27
this class of drugs is effective in lowering LDL cholesterol levels and interrupt the formation of cholesterol from the circulating blood
statins
28
TPA
tissue plasmiogen activator
29
agglutination
platelet clumping
1st stage of the blood clotting process
Aspririn inhibits clumping
30
a normal platelet count
125k-250k
31
agranulocytes
lymphocytes
| monocytes
32
leukocytes that provide a very small source of serotonin
basophil
33
found in lung
alveolar macrophaes
34
leukocytes that have a horseshoe shaped nucelus
monocytes
35
amount of basophil to granulocytes
.5%
36
immature erythrocytes that are anucleate but restore volume
reticulocytes
37
venous blood color
dark purple-red
38
erythrocyte thickness
7.5 microns
39
normal range of triglycerides
45-155 mg/dl
40
immunoglobulins found in plasma
IgG
IgE
IgA
IgM
41
PTT
partial thromboplastin times
42
% plasma in blood
55%
43
globulin % to plasma protein
36%
44
malignant hyperthermia can be induced by
halothane
45
low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
bad cholesterol
46
normal level of alkaline phosphates in adults between the ages of 25-60
33-131 IU/L
47
a mast cell when intravascular
basophil
48
carbon monoxide combines with hemoglobin
250x faster than oxygen
49
this leukocyte has red staining granules
esosinophil
50
a specialized macrophage found in the CNS
microglia
51
these formed elements are characterized by a ring of cyotplasm
granulocytes
52
a device put on a patients fingertip to measure saturations
fingertip oximeter
53
decreased platelet count
thrombocytopenia
54
the large marrow cells that platelets break away from
megakaryocytes
55
HbS patients have an immunity to ? and have ? immunity
malaria/genetic
56
oral anticoagulant can only be used in vivo
coumadin
57
a stroke
cerebral vascular accidents (CVA)
58
the gold standard of antiplatelet drugs
aspirin
59
Proplex, Amicar, and Avitene
hemostatic agents
60
iron supplement used to treat iron deficiency
hematinic agents
61
characterized by an increased number of lymphocytes
lymphocytic leukemia
62
% of black population that carry the sickle cell trait
8-10%
63
the condition when there are too many platelets in present in the blood
thrombocytosis
64
large numbers of infectious mononucleosis
atypical monocytes
65
leukocytes that are also known as eosinophils
acidophil
66
a mast cell is also known as
basophil
67
the rarest leukocyte
basophil
68
the duration of development of a basophil
3-7 days
69
normal blodd value for iron
65-150 mcg/dl
70
total cholesterol
<200 mg/dl
71
the precursor of fibrin
fibrinogen
72
normal PCO2 in arterial blood
35-45 mm/Hg
73
produced by the liver from the end products of lipid metabolism
endogenous lipids
74
the insoluble form of fibrinogen that forms a scab
fibrin
75
TIBC
total iron binding capacity
76
produced when carbon monoxide combines with hemoglobin
carbaminohemoglobin
77
two types of B cells
memory
| plasma
78
four types of T cells
helper
killer
memory
suppressor
79
result in a runny nose and watery eyes
increased histamine
80
an organelle that breaks up foreign bodies
lyosome
81
normal range of eosinophils
100-400 mm3
82
defines AIDS
a helper T cell <200mm3
83
moving clots
embolus
84
abnormal refill times can indicate
dehydration
85
abnormally large cells produced by either a deficiency of b12 or Folic acid
macrocytic anemia
86
b12 deficiency anemia
pernicious anemia
87
folic acid deficiency anemia
macrocytic
88
an anticoagulant that inhibits Vitamin K synthesis
coumadin
89
administered to lower triglycerides and LDL cholesterol as well as raise HDL cholesterol
nicotinic acid
90
a protein that functions in the prevention of fibrin clot formation
plasminogen
91
proteins that bind to antigens
antibodies
92
NK cells comprise % of circulating lymphocytes
5-10%
93
are granulocytes that are anti-parasitic
eosinophils
94
the process of moving from vessels into connective tissue
diapedesis
95
the first leukocyte at the site of infection
neutrophils
96
the approx. life span of erythrocytes
120 days
97
epoitetin alpha sitmulates rbc production
apocrit
98
red marrow
myeloid tissue
99
formed elements % of blood volume
45%
100
formed elements
RBC-erythrocytes
WBC-leukocytes
Platelets-thrombocytes
101
most abundant cells
RBC
102
hemoglobin
iron-containing protein pigment
facilitates the transportation of oxygen by reversibly binding to it
greatly increasing the solubility of oxygen in blood
103
clear extracellular fluid that makes up the matrix of blood
plasma
104
3 plasma proteins
albumin-60%
globulin-36%
fibrinogen-4%
105
smallest and most abundant plasma protein
albumin
106
classes of globulins
alpha, beta, gamma
107
the process by which the blood cells are created
erythropoiesis
108
hemocytoblasts
CFU-S
| produce erythroblasts, producing reticulocytes, which then mature into erythrocytes
109
a hormone secreted by the kidneys and the liver stimulates the production of mature erythrocytes from precursor cells
erythropoietin (EPO)
110
blue tinted skin, caused by the presence of hemoglobin lacking oxygen
cyanosis
111
macrophages
alveolar-dust cell, type 3 pneumocyte, lung
kupffer-liver
microglia-CNS
112
rarest lobed nucleus leukocyte and makes up 5% of granulocytes
basophil
113
3 secretory granules from basophil
heparin
histamine
serotonin
114
neurotransmitter which controls one's moods
serotonin; basophils are very small source of serotonin
115
found in eosinophils, absorb fluid back into blood, increasing blood volume and thereby, increasing blood pressure
antihistamines
116
anti-coagulant that decrease platelet counts, clotting and is a chemical mediator
heparin
117
cell eaters, they engulf foreign bodies
phagocytic
118
engulf a foreign body and releases it into the lymphatic system
phagocytizes
119
leukocyte has bi-lobed nucleus and makes up approx. 1.5% of granulocytes
eosinophils
120
basophils that are moved into connective tissue
mast cell (histiocyte)
121
types of agranulocytes
monocytes
| lymphocytes
122
types of lymphocytes
T cells-thymus dependent
B cells-bone marrow-derived
NK cells
123
approx. % of T cells in circulating lymphocytes
66%
