AP ENGLISH

Question 1

Exigence

Answer 1

Event that prompts rhetorical discourse and begins the “cycle” of rhetorical discourse about a particular issue.

Question 2

Claim

Answer 2

a state or assert that something is the case, typically without providing evidence or proof, Assertion: a confident and forceful statement of fact or belief, Position: a place where something is located or put, Thesis: a statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved

Question 3

Evidence, Data

Answer 3

The information presented meant to persuade the audience of the author’s position, Factual information used as a basis for reasoning, discussion, or calculati

Question 4

Ethos

Answer 4

An appeal to the speaker’s status, or authority, makes the audience more likely to trust them.

Question 5

Logos

Answer 5

An appeal to the audience’s reason and building up logical arguments

Question 6

Pathos

Answer 6

An appeal to the audience’s emotions

Question 7

Qualifiers, Reservations

Answer 7

A word or phrase used to attribute a quality to another word.

Question 8

Genre

Answer 8

A type or category of literary composition

Question 9

Voice

Answer 9

The rhetorical mixture of vocabulary, tone, point of view, and syntax that makes phrases, sentences, and paragraphs flow in a particular manner

Question 10

Point of view

Answer 10

The perspective from which an author tells a story.

Question 11

Stance

Answer 11

The opinions that somebody has about something and expresses publicly

Question 12

Diction

Answer 12

The linguistic choices a writer makes to effectively convey an idea, a pov or tell a story.

Question 13

Syntax

Answer 13

the way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences

Question 14

Irony

Answer 14

when a person/character says or does something that departs from what is expected to be done or said

Question 15

Allusion

Answer 15

an implied or indirect reference to a person, event, or thing or to a part of another text

Question 16

Analogy

Answer 16

comparison between two things that aren’t usually compared

Question 17

Implication

Answer 17

-Something implied or suggested as naturally to be inferred or understood.

Question 18

Subject

Answer 18

the topic under discussion or study; the overall general focus

Question 19

Occasion

Answer 19

time and place of writing

Question 20

Audience

Answer 20

Spectators of the speech and/or who the author is writing to

Question 21

Purpose

Answer 21

the reason for which something is done or created or for which something exists

Question 22

Speaker

Answer 22

The persona adopted by the author to deliver his or her message

Question 23

Tropes

Answer 23

An artful deviation from the ordinary or principal signification of a word.

Question 24

Metaphor

Answer 24

A phrase that is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable.

Question 25

Extended metaphor

Answer 25

A version of a metaphor that extends over the course of multiple lines, paragraphs, or stanzas of prose or poetry

Question 26

Simile

Answer 26

A figure of speech that compares two unlike things using the words “like” or “as”

Question 27

Personification

Answer 27

Figuratively describing an object with human traits or characteristics to craft an image in the reader’s mind.

Question 28

Hyperbole

Answer 28

Language that is obviously exaggerated and not meant to be taken literally.

Question 29

Metonymy

Answer 29

A way of replacing an object/ idea with something related to it instead of stating what is actually meant.

Question 30

Synecdoche

Answer 30

a figure of speech in which a part represents the whole

Question 31

Parallelism

Answer 31

a literary device in which parts of the sentence are grammatically the same or are similar in construction

Question 32

Antithesis

Answer 32

a rhetorical and literary device with parallel grammar structure but which establishes a nearly complete or exact opposition in ideas/characters

Question 33

Juxtaposition

Answer 33

the fact of two things being seen next to each other with contrasting effect.

Question 34

Anaphora

Answer 34

The repetition of words or phrases in a group of sentences, clauses, or poetic lines.

Question 35

Periodic sentence

Answer 35

the main point (independent clause) occurs at the end of the sentence, after one or more side points (dependent clauses) lead up to the main point. Each of the following periodic sentences includes several dependent clauses leading to the independent clause at the end.

Question 36

Cumulative or loose sentence

Answer 36

Loose sentences have a structure that is the opposite of periodic sentences. In loose sentences, the independent clause is at the beginning, followed by one or more dependent clauses.

Question 37

Inverted sentence

Answer 37

An inverted sentence switches the placement of the verb before the subject of a sentence as if in a question

Question 38

Coordination

Answer 38

means combining two sentences or ideas that are of equal value

Question 39

Subordination

Answer 39

means combining two sentences or ideas in a way that makes one more important than the other.