AP Glossary Set Four

Question 1

Rhetorical Question

Answer 1

Question not asked for information but for effect.

Question 2

Rhetorical Question (Example)

Answer 2

“The angry parent asked the child, ‘Are you finished interrupting me?’”

Question 3

Rhetorical Question (Impact)

Answer 3

asked just for effect, or to lay emphasis on some point being discussed when no real answer is expected

Question 4

Romanticism

Answer 4

Art or literature characterized by an idealistic, perhaps unrealistic view of people and the world, and an emphasis on nature.

Question 5

Romanticism (Example)

Answer 5

inspires writers to explore the beauty of nature, emotions, and imagination

Question 6

Sarcasm

Answer 6

A generally bitter comment that is ironically or satirically worded.

Question 7

Sarcasm (Example)

Answer 7

imagination, idealism, inspiration, intuition, or individualism

Question 8

Sarcasm (Impact)

Answer 8

convey a writer and/or character ’s true feelings of frustration, anger, and even derision

Question 9

Satire

Answer 9

A work that reveals a critical attitude toward some element of life to a humorous effect.

Question 10

Satire (Example)

Answer 10

Mark Twain’s essay “Advice to Youth”

Question 11

Satire (Impact)

Answer 11

Utilizes humor, irony, and hyperbole to critique political or social issues

Question 12

Sentence

Answer 12

A sentence is group of words (including subject and verb) that expresses a complete thought.

Question 13

Appositive

Answer 13

A word or group of words placed beside a noun or noun substitute to supplement its meaning.

Question 14

Appositive (Example)

Answer 14

“Bob, the lumber yard worker, spoke with Judy, an accountant from the city.”

Question 15

Appositive (Impact)

Answer 15

Adds depth, clarity, and precision

Question 16

Clause

Answer 16

A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb.

Question 17

Balanced sentence

Answer 17

A sentence in which two parallel elements are set off against each other like equal weights on a scale.

Question 18

Balanced sentence (Example)

Answer 18

“If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich.”

Question 19

Balanced sentence (Impact)

Answer 19

clarity, rhythm, emphasis and complexity

Question 20

Compound sentence

Answer 20

Contains at least two independent clauses but no dependent clauses.

Question 21

Compound sentence (Example)

Answer 21

“The girl naps; then, she reads books.”

Question 22

Complex sentence

Answer 22

Contains only one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.

Question 23

Complex sentence (Example)

Answer 23

“I’m happy because we won the game.”

Question 24

Cumulative sentence

Answer 24

When the writer begins with an independent clause, then adds subordinate elements.

Question 25

Cumulative sentence (Example)

Answer 25

"Elijah and Hannah strolled along the beach, holding hands, unaware of the surprise celebration awaiting them at the hotel."

Question 26

Periodic sentence

Answer 26

When the main idea is not completed until the end of the sentence.

Question 27

Periodic sentence (Example)

Answer 27

“His confidence broken, his limbs shaking, his collar wet with perspiration, he doubted whether he could ever again appear before an audience.”

Question 28

Simple sentence

Answer 28

Contains only one independent clause.

Question 29

Simple sentence (Example)

Answer 29

The news report included various accounts from bystanders.

Question 30

Declarative sentence

Answer 30

States an idea. It does not give a command or request, nor does it ask a question.

Question 31

Declarative sentence (Example)

Answer 31

“The ball is round.”

Question 32

Imperative sentence

Answer 32

Issues a command.

Question 33

Imperative sentence (Example)

Answer 33

“Kick the ball.”

Question 34

Interrogative sentence

Answer 34

Sentences incorporating interrogative pronouns (what, which, who, whom, and whose).

Question 35

Interrogative sentence (Example)

Answer 35

“To whom did you kick the ball?”

Question 36

Style

Answer 36

The choices in diction, tone, and syntax that a writer makes. Style may be conscious or unconscious.

Question 37

Symbol

Answer 37

Anything that represents or stands for something else.

Question 38

Symbol (Example)

Answer 38

the Raven in “The Raven.” by Edgar Allen Poe

Question 39

Symbol (Impact)

Answer 39

Acting as a universal language that transcends barriers of spoken or written words, enhancing communication by adding clarity and emotional context

Question 40

Syntax/sentence variety

Answer 40

Grammatical arrangement of words.

Question 41

Theme

Answer 41

The central idea or message of a work.

Question 42

Theme (Example)

Answer 42

"The destructive nature of love"

Question 43

Thesis

Answer 43

The sentence or groups of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or proposition.

Question 44

Thesis (Example)

Answer 44

"Because many children are unable to vaccinate due to illness, we must require that all healthy and able children be vaccinated in order to have herd immunity."

Question 45

Tone

Answer 45

A writer's attitude toward his subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language and organization.

Question 46

Tone (Example)

Answer 46

informal, formal tone, serious tone, and funny tone.

Question 47

Tone (Impact)

Answer 47

Tone conveys feeling. The tone reflects the writer's attitude toward the subject and the audience, helping to shape readers' perceptions and emotional responses.

Question 48

Understatement

Answer 48

The ironic minimizing of fact, understatement presents something as less significant than it is.

Question 49

Understatement (Example)

Answer 49

a figure of speech that intentionally makes a situation seem less important than it really is

Question 50

Understatement (Impact)

Answer 50

a stylistic choice used by authors to convey subtle humor, provoke thought, and emphasize disparities between expressed and actual magnitude of events