Ap Gov Ch.14 Graciela Osorio

Question 1

AFL-CIO

Answer 1

American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations joined in 1955 - Largest labor organization in US.
* Sentence
The AFL_CIO defends and preserves the individual rights and liberties that the Constitution and laws of the United States guarantee everyone in this country.

Question 2

American Anti-Slavery Society

Answer 2

an abolitionist society founded by William Lloyd Garrison and Arthur Tappan. Frederick Douglass, an escaped slave, was a key leader of this society who often spoke at its meetings. William Wells Brown was also a freed slave who often spoke at meetings.
* Sentence
The American Anti-Slavery society held principles such as Americans’ sense of religious principles and conscience, rather than resorting to violence.

Question 3

American Federation of Labor (AFL)

Answer 3

Largest labor organization in US. Work for workers benefits, raising minimum wage, etc. wants lower taxes and reduced government spending and the issues of liberty, personal responsibility, traditional values and national security.
* Sentence
The type of ideas that the American Federation of Labor brings are ones that help unions

Question 4

Christian Coalition

Answer 4

in the 1990’s, Pentecostal minister Pat Robertson began a political movement and launched this organization. These and other organizations of the Christian right opposed federal interference in local affairs; denounced abortion, divorce, feminism, and homosexuality; defended unrestricted free enterprise, and supported a strong American posture in the world.
* Sentence
The Christian Coalition was formed by Pat roberson in 1989

Question 5

Civic Virtue

Answer 5

the notion that democracy depended on unselfish commitment to the public good
*Sentence
Adam’s quote shows that civic virtue was of upmost importance to the early Americans. The American government was built on a specific sense of morality. Benjamin Franklin stated that Americans could only keep the republic functioning through moral, virtuous citizenship.

Question 6

collective good

Answer 6

something of value (money, a tax write-off, prestige, clean air, and so on) that cannot be withheld from a group member
* Sentence
Collective Goods are benefits that are offered by groups (usually citizens’ groups) as an …

Question 7

Disturbance Theory

Answer 7

The theory that interest groups form in part to counteract the efforts of other groups.
* Sentence
Disturbance theory is a political postulation by David Truman that states that interest groups form primarily when there are changes in a social environment that upsets the well-beings of some groups of people. An example could be a scarcity in resources, a change in power/policy that some people object to, etc

Question 8

Economic Interest Group

Answer 8

Economic interest groups are one of the five broad categories of interest groups in the US. These groups advocate for the economic interest and benefits of their members. Economic interest groups are varied and for and given issue there will be large number of competing interest groups.
* Sentence
Certainly the largest category, economic interest groups include organizations that represent big business, such as the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM), as well as big labor — the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organization (AFL-CIO)

Question 9

First Rider problem

Answer 9

may occur when property rights are not clearly defined and imposed. … Although the term “free rider” was first used in economic theory of public goods, similar concepts have been applied to other contexts, including collective bargaining, antitrust law, psychology and political science.
* Sentence
the free-rider problem occurs when those who benefit from resources, public goods, or services do not pay for them, which results in an underprovision of those goods or services. For example, a free-rider may frequently ask for available parking lots

Question 10

Honest Leadership and Open Government Act of 2007

Answer 10

The Honest Leadership and Open Government Act of 2007 is a law of the United States federal government that amended parts of the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995
* Sentence
The Honest leadership was enacted by 110th congress

Question 11

Interest Group

Answer 11

A collection of people who share a common interest or attitude and seek to influence government for specific ends. Interest groups usually work within the framework of government and try to achieve their goals through tactics such as lobbying.
* Sentence
An Interest Group is Certainly the largest category, economic interest groups include organizations that represent big business, such as the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM), as well as big labor

Question 12

Jerry Falwell

Answer 12

Jerry Lamon Falwell Sr. was an American Southern Baptist pastor, televangelist, and conservative activist. He was the founding pastor of the Thomas Road Baptist Church, a mega church in Lynchburg, Virginia
* Sentence
James Falwell was a popular author of the 20th century

Question 13

Lobbying

Answer 13

persuasion, or interest representation is the act of attempting to influence the actions, policies, or decisions of officials in their daily life, most often legislators or members of regulatory agencies.
* Sentence
Examples of interest groups that lobby or campaign for favourable public policy changes include: ACLU - American Civil Liberties Union - visit their section on issues before Congress that the ACLU is following and lobbying on. Animal Legal Defense Fund. AntiDefamation League fights anti-Semitism.

Question 14

Lobbying Disclosure Act

Answer 14

strict definition of a lobbysit, must register with clerk of House and secretary of Senate, record client, issue, and who is being lobbied, estimate the amount paid by each client.
* Sentence
In 1995 Lobbying Disclosure act made numerous enforcments.

Question 15

Lobbyist

Answer 15

a person who takes part in an organized attempt to influence legislators.
* Sentence
A lobbyist may be apart of the Animal Legal Defense Fund or the AntiDefamation League fights anti-Semitism.

Question 16

Marian Wright Edelman

Answer 16

A lawyer who in 1973 founded the Children’s Defense Fund to protect the rights of children, particularly those who are members of disadvantaged groups
* Sentence
Marian Wright Edelman, founder of the Children’s Defense Fund, was born June 6, 1939, in Bennettsville, South Carolina.

Question 17

Moral Majority

Answer 17

A conservative religious interest group credited with helping to mobilize conservative Evangelical Christian voters from its founding in 1978 through the presidency of Ronald Reagan (1981-1989)
* Sentence
Moral Majority is seen by many a form of a Democratic government

Question 18

National Association of Manufacturers (NAM)

Answer 18

An organization founded in 1895 by manufacturers to combat the growth of organized labor
* Sentence
The NAM association helped fight for a lot of unequal rights

Question 19

National Rifle Association

Answer 19

The major gun-rights lobbying group in the United States, which opposes gun control and advances an expansive interpretation of the Second Amendment
* Sentence
The National Assocaition of Rifles was supported by many who held the same belief system.

Question 20

Pat Roberson

Answer 20

A southern Baptist minister and television evangelist who ran for president in 1988 and in 1989 founded the conservative religious interest group the Christian Coalition
* Sentence
During his lifetime, Pat Roberson, help contribute a lot to the Christian Coalition

Question 21

Patron

Answer 21

A person who finances a group or individual activity
* Sentence
Throughout History Patrons have been valued a lot.

Question 22

PLuralist Theory

Answer 22

The theory that political power is distributed among a wide array of diverse and competing interest groups.
* Sentence
The pluralist theory not only affects just one person but rather an entire society.

Question 23

Progressive Moment

Answer 23

A broad group of political and social activists from the 1890s to the 1920s who opposed corruption in government, supported regulation of monopolies, and sought improvement of socioeconomic conditions
* Sentence
The progressive movement that united many farmers in the 19 and 20th century, this was made possible by sharing common ideas about what the government should do.

Question 24

Political Action Committee (PAC)

Answer 24

Officially recognized Fund-raising organization that represents interest groups and is allowed by federal law to make contributions directly to candidates’ campaigns
* Sentence
Political Action Committee include the Sarah Pac

Question 25

Public Interest Group

Answer 25

An organization that seeks a collective good that if achieved will not selectively and materially benefit group members * Sentence Some Public Interest Groups include Certainly the largest category, economic interest groups include organizations that represent big business, such as the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM), as well as big labor — the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organization (AFL-CIO)

Question 26

Social Capital

Answer 26

cooperative relationships that facilitate the resolution of collective problems * Sentence Cultural capital, also from Bourdieu, includes non-economic resources that enable social mobility. Examples of cultural capital would include knowledge, skills, and education. Both concepts remind us that social networks and culture have value. Bourdieu discussed other forms of capital, including economic and symbolic. These are also defined as Social Capital

Question 27

The Grange

Answer 27

Founded in 1867 as an educational organization for farmers, evolved into the first truly national interest group by working to protect the political and economic concerns of farming communities and rural areas. * Sentence The Grange was a popular movement in the 19-20th century.

Question 28

Trade Association

Answer 28

a group that represents a specific industry *Sentence The trade association is used commonly today.

Question 29

Transactions theory

Answer 29

The theory that public policies are the result of narrowly defined exchanges or transactions among political actors * Sentence The transaction theory was a theory that defines the economic society.

Question 30

U.S. Chamber of Commerce

Answer 30

The United States Chamber of Commerce is a business-oriented American lobbying group. Politically, the Chamber usually supports Republican political candidates, though it has occasionally supported conservative Democrats. * Sentence The U.S chamber of commerce helps establish a lot of things within the united states

Question 31

Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)

Answer 31

The Woman's Christian Temperance Union is an active international temperance organization that was among the first organizations of women devoted to social reform with a program that "linked the religious and the secular through concerted and far-reaching reform strategies based on applied Christianity. * Sentence During the Temperance movement in the 20th century the Women's Christian Temperance Union was a big factor