ap gov test 2 and 3

Question 1

What The US constitution

Answer 1

nations basic law, creates political institutions, assigns or divides powers in gov, and provides certain guarantees to citizens, can be written of unwritten

Question 2

Declaration of Independance

Answer 2

document approved by reps of American colonies in 1776. stated grievances against the british monarch and declared their independence. was signed in 1776 by thomas jefferson
Declaration of Independance

Question 3

Natural rights

Answer 3

life,liberty, and property by john locke

Question 4

onsent of the government.

Answer 4

idea that gove derives its authority from the people. we give ours by living in the the US.consent of the government

Question 5

limited gov

Answer 5

certain restrictions should be placed on gov to protect natural rights of citizens
limited gov

Question 6

Articles of Confederation

Answer 6

1st constitution of US, did not work. Had weak central government and had most of the power with in the states. Each state had one vote
Articles of Confederation

Question 7

shay’s rebellion

Answer 7

shay’s rebellion series of attacks on the courthouse by a small band of farmers led by revolutionary captain daniel shay to block foreclosures

Question 8

U.S constitution

Answer 8

doccument written in 1781 and ratified in 1788. set fourth the institutional structure of the US gov. 55 delegates met and created it. James madison was the primary author
U.S constitution

Question 9

factions

Answer 9

groups such as interest groups that accoridng to james madison could cause instability in the government.
factions

Question 10

basis of the US constitition

Answer 10

basis of the US constitition
Human nature- life was poor, brutish, and short and gov needed some control over that
Political conflict- Keeps factions in check so one didnt overrule the other
Purpose of gov- preservation of ind rights to acquire and hold wealth
Nature of gov-Balanced gov with check so one does not rule the other

Question 11

New Jersey Plan

Answer 11

purposed at the constitutional convention called for equal representation fo each state in Congress regardless fo the size of the state pop
New Jersey Plan

Question 12

Virginia Plan

Answer 12

proposal at the the constitutional convention that called for representation of each state in congress to be proportional to its population

Question 13

Connecticut compromise

Answer 13

Compromise reached at the constitutional convention that established 2 house reps of congress and house of reps. each rep is based on states population. For senate each state had two reps. this gave power to small states. Slaves counted towards pop as 3/5 person.
Connecticut compromise

Question 14

writ of habeas corpus

Answer 14

court order requiring authorities to explain to judge what lawful reason they have for capturing a prisoner
writ of habeas corpus

Question 15

Part of james madisonian model

Answer 15

Seperation of power, checks and balances, establishing federal system, limiting majority control

Question 16

Separation of Power

Answer 16

constitution requires 3 branches of gov to be independent of each other so that 1 can nor overpower the other and they all share power among three branches.

Question 17

check and balances

Answer 17

check and balances
constitution requires each branch to get consent of other branch for its actions and limits power of each branch

Question 18

republic

Answer 18

orm of gov where people select reps to fovern them and make laws

Question 19

fedralists

Answer 19

supporters of constitution at time states were contemplating adoption
fedralists

Question 20

Anti-federatlists

Anti-federatlists

Answer 20

opponents of constitution at time states were contemplating adoption

Question 21

federalists paper

Answer 21

written by hamilton, john jay, james madison. set of 85 essays that promote ratification and proved insightful commentary on nature of new gov system
federalists paper

Question 22

bill of rights

basic liberties such as freedom of religion, speech, press

Answer 22

1st ten amendment of constitution. drafted in response to anti federalists concerns. ammendment define basic liberties.

basic liberties such as freedom of religion, speech, press

Question 23

How to propose and ratify ammendments

Answer 23

congress of national convention (2/3 of states) can propose ammendment. State convention or state legislators (2/3) can approve ammendments How to propose and ratify ammendments

Question 24

powers of the government that are written in constitution

Answer 24

enumerated powers

Question 25

implied powers

Answer 25

powers that are unwritten but are changes in culture and in powers implied powers

Question 26

Marbury vs. Madison

Answer 26

supreme court case where court asserted its power to look through lenses of constitution to determine if defendant was constitutional. Gave power to use judicial review and has been used since.Marbury vs. Madison

Question 27

judicial Review

Answer 27

powers of courts to determine whether acts of congress are constitutional judicial Review

Question 28

federalism

Answer 28

way of organizing gov. 2 or more levels of gov share formal authority over some area and people

Question 29

| Unitary gov

Answer 29

central gov with supreme power over nation. Most govs today are this

Question 30

Intergovernmental relations

Answer 30

entire set of interactions among national , state, and local gov, including regulations, transfer of funds and more Intergovernmental relations

Question 31

Supremacy clause

Answer 31

clause in article 6 of constitution, makes constitution , national laws, and treaties supreme over state laws as long as national gov is acting constititinal Supremacy clause

Question 32

10th ammendment

Answer 32

powers not delegated to us by constitution, nor prohibited by it to the state are reserved tot he states or to the people. Gov cannot usurp state power 10th ammendment

Question 33

mcculloch vs maryland

Answer 33

supreme court case. gave supremacy to nat gov over state gov. made national bank and state tried ot tax it but national bank is supreme over state was ruled.

Question 34

elastic clause

Answer 34

authorizes congress to pass all laws necessary and proper to carry out the enumerated powers. (federal policies against drugs) elastic clause

Question 35

Gibson vs ogden

Answer 35

supreme court case where they used the commerce clause. Defined power of congress to regulate interstate commerce. Gibson vs ogden

Question 36

full faith and credi

Answer 36

clause in article 6 that requires each state to recognize the public acts, records and judicial proceeding of all states (ie. drivers licenses and marriage license)

Question 37

extradition

Answer 37

legal process to where state gives back criminal to the state where the crime was commited

Question 38

privileges and immunities.

Answer 38

provision of constitution according to citizens of each tae the privileges of citizens of any state in which they happen to be. privileges and immunities

Question 39

dual federalism

Answer 39

system of gov where state and nat gov each reign supreme within their own sphere, each with diff powers dual federalism

Question 40

cooperative federalism

Answer 40

system of gov where state and nat gov share powers and policy assignments.cooperative federalism

Question 41

devolution

Answer 41

transferring responsibilities for plicies from fed gov to state and local govdevolution

Question 42

fiscal federalism

Answer 42

pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in federal system fiscal federalism

Question 43

mandate blues

Answer 43

where the gov requires something of state and the gov say they will help the states with the requirements but then proceeds to not help the states mandate blues

Question 44

categorical grants

Answer 44

federal grants that can be used only for specific purposes, or categories of state and local spending. They come with strings attached such as non discrimination provisions categorical grants

Question 45

crossover santiong

Answer 45

using federal dollars in ones program to influence state and local policy in another. (withhold money until something gets done) crossover sanction

Question 46

crosscutting requirments

Answer 46

one condition of federal grants is extended to all activities supported by federal funds. (if is discriminates in one program is loses federal funding for all programs)

Question 47

project grants

Answer 47

federal categorial grants for specific purposes and give based on merit project grants

Question 48

formula grants

Answer 48

federal categorial grants given according to formula specified by legislation or in administrative regulations. usually not applied for but given based on formula.

Question 49

block grants

Answer 49

federal grants given automatically to states or communities to support broad projects in areas such as social services or community development. block grants

Question 50

advantages to federalism

Answer 50

decentralizes politics, reduced conflict so they are not all solved in dc, diversity of policy so states can have diff rules, increase participation across gov, more access to gov and more response to demands of public, acceptability of losing advantages to federalism

Question 51

disadvantages to federalism

Answer 51

local interests thrawt national majority, burdens and confuses citizens with lots of governments, losers can win if they dont get popular vote. disadvantages to federalism

Question 52

natural rights of life, liberty and property

Answer 52

lockes natural rights

Question 53

can states coin money

Answer 53

NO

Question 54

how many amendments are there?

Answer 54

27

Question 55

why impose taxes?

Answer 55

to fund the government

Question 56

examples of fiscal federalism

Answer 56

relative federal, state, and local government activity during economic downturns, spending in policy areas like education and transportation, and the type and total level of taxation present across areas. r