AP HUMAN GEO UNIT 5

Question 1

transhumance

Answer 1

groups move seasonally not to avoid harsh climates, but to follow animal herds

Question 2

pastoralism

Answer 2

agriculture based on seasonal movement of animals from winter to summer pastures and back

Question 3

nomadic herding

Answer 3

communities would drive their herds from seasonal grazing area to another

Question 4

ranching

Answer 4

owning large farm land for grazing cattle/sheep to sell to markets

Question 5

multi - cropping

Answer 5

one crop failed, there are other backups

Question 6

monoculture

Answer 6

farms produce staple crop in large order to feed whole societies and large groups

Question 7

mixed farming

Answer 7

labor-intensive system where farmers grow crops to flatten livestock for slaughter

Question 8

irrigation

Answer 8

bringing water from its natural resource to fields through canals and ditches

Question 9

shifting cultivation

Answer 9

clear only part of the land from time to time (slash and burn) ; soil loses fertility and starts over

Question 10

slash and burn

Answer 10

occurs in rainforest regions where every few years the soil nutrients become depleted

Question 11

commodity chains

Answer 11

link between producers and consumers in journey from raw material to delivery of a finished product

Question 12

Von Thunen Model

Answer 12

central market -> dairy farming -> forest/lumber -> extensive field crops -> animals/ranching

Question 13

what are the types of intensive agriculture?

Answer 13

market gardening and mix crop and livestock

Question 14

what are the types of extensive agriculture

Answer 14

shifting cultivation, livestock ranching, nomadic herding

Question 15

commercial grain farming

Answer 15

crops are grown primarily for human consumption

Question 16

commercial gardening

Answer 16

produce sold to consumers while others sold to large processors or markets

Question 17

plantation agriculture

Answer 17

specializes in one crop and transported to the global market

Question 18

mixed crop and livestock

Answer 18

farmers grow both crops and raise animals on the same land

Question 19

mediterranean

Answer 19

crops produced for global markets

Question 20

domestication

Answer 20

raising plants and animals for human use

Question 21

fertile crescent

Answer 21

present - day middle east from mediterranean to persian gulf

Question 22

monocropping

Answer 22

crops being rotated seasonally