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Bio Vocab > Ap Human Geography Unit 1 > Flashcards

Ap Human Geography Unit 1 Flashcards

(77 cards)

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1
Q

Abiotic

A

Composed of non living or inorganic matter

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2
Q

Acculturation

A

The process by which a groups cultural features are altered to resemble those of another more dominant group

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3
Q

Atmosphere

A

The thin layer of gases surrounding earth

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4
Q

Behavioral geography

A

The study of the physiological basis for individual human actions in space

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5
Q

Biosphere

A

All living organisms on earth, including plants and animals, as well as microorganisms

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6
Q

Biotic

A

Composed of living organisms

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7
Q

Cartography

A

The science of making maps

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8
Q

Citizen science

A

Scientific research by amateur scientists

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9
Q

Climate

A

The long-term average weather conditions at a particular location

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10
Q

Concentration

A

The spread of something over a given area

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11
Q

Connection

A

The relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space

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12
Q

Conservation

A

The sustainable management of a natural resource

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13
Q

Contagious diffusion

A

The rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population

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14
Q

Cultural ecology

A

A geographic approach that emphasizes human-environment- relationships

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15
Q

Cultural landscape

A

And approach to geography that emphasizes the relationships among social and physical phenomena in a particular study area

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16
Q

Culture

A

The body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a group’s distinct tradition

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17
Q

Density

A

The frequency with With something exists within a given unit of area

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18
Q

Diffusion

A

The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time

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19
Q

Distance decay

A

The diminished importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin

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20
Q

Distribution

A

The arrangement of something across earths surface

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21
Q

Ecology

A

The scientific study of ecosystems

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22
Q

Ecosystem

A

A group of living organisms and their abiotic spheres with which they interact

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23
Q

Environmental determinism

A

A belief that the physical environment causes social development

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24
Q

Expansion diffusion

A

The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in an additive process

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25
Formal region or uniform region
An area in which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics
26
Functional region or nodal region
An area organized around a node or focal point
27
Geographic information science (GIScience)
The development and analysis of data about earth acquired through satellite and other electronic information technologies
28
Geographic Information System (GIS)
A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data
29
Geotagging
Identification and storage of a piece of information by its precise latitude and longitude coordinates
30
Global Positioning System (GPS)
A system that determines the precise position of something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers
31
Globalization
Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope
32
Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)
The time in the zone encompassing the primary in, or 0° longitude
33
Hearth
The region from which innovative ideas originate
34
Hierarchical diffusion
The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places
35
Humanistic geography
The study of different ways that individuals form ideas about place and gives those places symbolic meanings
36
Hydrosphere
All of the water on and near Earth’s surface
37
International date line
An arc that for the most part follows 180° longitude, although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas. When the international date line is crossed heading east (toward America), the clock moves back 24 hours, or one entire day. When it is crossed heading west (toward Asia), the calendar moves ahead one day
38
Latitude
The numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator (0°)
39
Lithosphere
Earth’s crust and a portion of the upper mantle directly below the crust
40
Location
The position of anything on earth’s surface
41
Longitude
The numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian (0°)
42
Map
A two-dimensional, or flat, representation of Earth’s surface or a portion of it
43
Map scale
The relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth’s surface
44
Mashup
A map that overlays data from one source on top of a map provided by a mapping service
45
Mental map
A representation of a portion of earths surface based on what an individual knows about a place that contains personal impressions of what is in the place and where the place is located
46
Meridian
And arc drawn on a map between the north and south poles
47
Network
A chain of communication that connects places
48
Nonrenewable resource
Something produced in nature more slowly than it is consumed by humans
49
Parallel
A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians
50
Participatory GIS (PGIS)
Community-based mapping, representing local knowledge and information
51
Pattern
The Geometric or regular arrangement of something in a particular area
52
Place
A specific point on earth, distinguished by a particular characteristic
53
Polder
Land that the dutch have created by draining water from an area
54
Possibilism
The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives
55
Poststructuralist geography
The study of space as the product of ideologies or value systems of ruling elites
56
Preservation
The maintenance of resources in their present condition, with as little human impact as possible
57
Prime meridian
The Meridian, designated as 0° longitude, that passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England
58
Projection
A system used to transfer locations from earths surface to a flat map
59
Region
And area distinguished by a unique combination of trends or features
60
Relocation diffusion
The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another
61
Remote sensing
The acquisition of data about earths surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or from other long-distance methods
62
Renewable resource
Something produced in nature more rapidly than it is consumed by humans
63
Resource
A substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access, and is socially acceptable to use
64
Scale
Generally, the relationship between the portion of earth being studied and earth as a whole
65
Site
The physical character of a place
66
Situation
The location of a place relative to another place
67
Space
The physical gap or interval between two objects
68
Space-time compression
The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place as a result of improved communications and transportation systems
69
Spatial association
The relationship between the distribution of one feature and the distribution of another feature
70
Stimulus diffusion
The spread of an underlying principle even though a specific characteristic is rejected
71
Sustainability
The use of earths renewable and nonrenewable natural resources in ways that do not constrain resource use in the future
72
Syncretism
The combining of elements of two groups into and new cultural feature
73
Toponym
The name given to a portion of Earth’s surface
74
Transnational corporation
A company that Conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where it’s headquarters or shareholders are located
75
Uneven development
The increasing gap in economic conditions between core and peripheral regions is a result of the globalization of the economy
76
Vernacular region (or perceptual region)
An area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity
77
Volunteered geographic information (VGI)
Creation and dissemination of geographic data contributed voluntarily and for free by individuals

Bio Vocab (9 decks)

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