AP Lang Glossary #2

Question 1

Foreshadowing

Answer 1

When an author gives hints about what will occur later in a story.

Question 2

Foreshadowing

Answer 2

Her early interest in airplanes _____ her later career as a pilot

Question 3

Foreshadowing

Answer 3

To hint at a later event or can sometimes be used as a form of comedy. This is an example of dramatic suspense.

Question 4

Genre

Answer 4

The major category into which a literary work fits.

Question 5

Gothic

Answer 5

Writing characterized by gloom, mystery, fear and/or death.

Question 6

Gothic

Answer 6

The book Dracula. (gloomy, sad, and death)

Question 7

Imagery

Answer 7

Word or words that create a picture in the reader’s mind.

Question 8

Imagery

Answer 8

Used in conjunction with metaphors, similes, or figures of speech. To indicate a setting or space.

Question 9

Imagery

Answer 9

“As I sat by the fireplace I heard crackling and popping from the warm brick fireplace beside me.”

Question 10

Invective

Answer 10

A long, emotionally violent, attack using strong, abusive language.

Question 11

Invective

Answer 11

It may be used to create an emotional response from the audience. It can backfire when used improperly.

Question 12

Invective

Answer 12

Ex: Insulting the audience you’re speaking to while trying to get your point across.

Question 13

Irony

Answer 13

When the opposite of what you expect to happen does.

Question 14

Verbal irony

Answer 14

When you say something and mean the opposite/something different.

Question 15

Verbal irony

Answer 15

if your gym teacher wants you to run a mile in eight minutes or faster, but calls it a “walk in the park” it would be…

Question 16

Verbal irony

Answer 16

may be used to create humor, sarcasm, or persuasion.

Question 17

Dramatic irony

Answer 17

When the audience of a drama, play, movie, etc. knows something that the character doesn’t and would be surprised to find out.

Question 18

Dramatic irony

Answer 18

Ex: in many horror movies, we (the audience) know who the killer is, which the victim-to-be has no idea who is doing the slaying. Sometimes the character trusts the killer completely when (ironically) he/she shouldn’t.

Question 19

Dramatic irony

Answer 19

Can be used to engage the audience. Can evoke suspense, Humor, or empathy from the audience.

Question 20

Situational irony

Answer 20

Found in the plot (or story line) of a book, story, or movie. Sometimes it makes you laugh because it’s funny how things turn out.

Question 21

Situational irony

Answer 21

Ex: Johnny spent two hours planning on sneaking into the movie theater and missed the movie. When he finally did manage to sneak inside he found out that kids were admitted free that day).

Question 22

Situational irony

Answer 22

To create a relatable or humorous situation.

Question 23

Juxtaposition

Answer 23

Placing things side by side for the purposes of comparison.

Question 24

Juxtaposition

Answer 24

Authors often use this or ideas or examples in order to make a point.

Question 25

Juxtaposition

Answer 25

an author may juxtapose the average day of a typical American with that of someone in the third world to make a point of social commentary.

Question 26

Mood

Answer 26

The atmosphere created by the literature and accomplished through word choice (diction). Syntax is often a creator of ____ since word order, sentence length and strength and complexity also affect pacing and therefore _____. Setting, tone, and events can all affect the _____.

Question 27

Persona

Answer 27

The fictional mask or narrator that tells a story. Do not confuse with alter-ego.

Question 28

Parody

Answer 28

An exaggerated imitation of a serious work for humorous purposes. It borrows words or phrases from an original, and pokes fun at it. This is also a form of allusion, since it is referencing a previous text, event, etc.

Question 29

Parody

Answer 29

The Simpsons often ___ Shakespeare plays. Saturday Night Live also _____ famous persons and events. Do not confuse with satire.

Question 30

Parenthetical Idea

Answer 30

Parentheses are used to set off an idea from the rest of the sentence. It is almost considered an aside...a whisper, and should be used sparingly for effect, rather than repeatedly. Parentheses can also be used to set off dates and numbers.

Question 31

Parenthetical Idea

Answer 31

“In a short time (and the time is getting shorter by the gallon) America will be out of oil.”

Question 32

Parenthetical Idea

Answer 32

May be used to indicate inner monologue, thoughts, or whispers.

Question 33

Zeugma (Syllepsis)

Answer 33

When a single word governs or modifies two or more other words, and the meaning of the first word must change for each of the other words it governs or modifies.

Question 34

Zeugma (Syllepsis)

Answer 34

“The butler killed the lights, and then the mistress.” “I quickly dressed myself and the salad.”

Question 35

Zeugma (Syllepsis)

Answer 35

Makes the audience consider, a form of figurative language.

Question 36

Antithesis

Answer 36

Two opposite or contrasting words, phrases, or clauses, or even ideas, with parallel structure.

Question 37

Antithesis

Answer 37

Ex: “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times”

Question 38

Antithesis

Answer 38

Used to show the difference between two ideas.

Question 39

Chiasmus

Answer 39

When the same words are used twice in succession, but the second time, the order of the words is reversed.

Question 40

Chiasmus

Answer 40

Ex: When the going gets tough, the tough get going."

Question 41

Chiasmus

Answer 41

Used to create an idea or concept.

Question 42

Oxymoron

Answer 42

When apparently contradictory terms are grouped together and suggest a paradox

Question 43

Oxymoron

Answer 43

Ex: “wise fool"

Question 44

Oxymoron

Answer 44

Used to describe or present an idea, contradictory.

Question 45

Pacing

Answer 45

The speed or tempo of an author’s writing.

Question 46

Pacing

Answer 46

Writers can use a variety of devices (syntax, polysyndeton, anaphora, meter) to change the _____ of their words.

Question 47

Pacing

Answer 47

Ex: sluggish, stabbing, vibrato, staccato, measured, etc.

Question 48

Anaphora

Answer 48

Repetition of a word, phrase, or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences or clauses in a row.

Question 49

Anaphora

Answer 49

This is a deliberate form of repetition and helps make the writer's point more coherent.

Question 50

Anaphora

Answer 50

Ex: “I came, I saw, I conquered.”

Question 51

Parallelism

Answer 51

Sentence construction which places equal grammatical constructions near each other, or repeats identical grammatical patterns.

Question 52

Parallelism

Answer 52

used to add emphasis, organization, or sometimes pacing to writing.

Question 53

Parallelism

Answer 53

“Cinderella swept the floor, dusted the mantle, and beat the rugs.”

Question 54

Motif

Answer 54

a recurring idea in a piece of literature.

Question 55

Motif

Answer 55

In To Kill a Mockingbird, the idea that “you never really understand another person until you consider things from his or her point of view” is a ____, because the idea is brought up several times over the course of the novel.

Question 56

Motif

Answer 56

Used to create a point or get across an idea.

Question 57

Paradox

Answer 57

A seemingly contradictory situation which is actually true.

Question 58

Paradox

Answer 58

Ex: “You can't get a job without experience, and you can't get experience without getting a job.”

Question 59

Paradox

Answer 59

To get the audience to consider or contemplate.