AP Stats Vocab

Question 1

Individuals

Answer 1

The objects described by a set of data.

Question 2

Variable

Answer 2

Any characteristic of an individual.

Question 3

Categorical Variable

Answer 3

Places an individual into one of several groups or categories.

Question 4

Quantitative Variable

Answer 4

Takes numerical values for which it makes sense to find an average.

Question 5

Discrete Variables

Answer 5

A variable that cannot take on any value between its maximum and minimum value.

Question 6

Continuous

Answer 6

A variable that can take on any value between its maximum and minimum value.

Question 7

Univariate Data

Answer 7

When you conduct a study only looking at one variable.

Question 8

Bivariate Data

Answer 8

When you conduct a study looking at two variables.

Question 9

Population

Answer 9

The total set of observations that can be made.

Question 10

Sample

Answer 10

A set of observations drawn from a population.

Question 11

Census

Answer 11

A study that obtains data from every member of a population.

Question 12

Distribution

Answer 12

What values the variable takes and how often it takes these values.

Question 13

Inference

Answer 13

Drawing a conclusion beyond the data given.

Question 14

Frequency Table

Answer 14

A table that displays the counts of things.

Question 15

Relative Frequency Table

Answer 15

A table that shows the percents of things.

Question 16

Roundoff Error

Answer 16

When you round percentages and they do not add up correctly.

Question 17

Pie Chart

Answer 17

Shows the distribution of a categorical variable as a “pie”.

Question 18

Bar Graph

Answer 18

Shows the distribution of a categorical variable as bars.

Question 19

Two-Way Table

Answer 19

A table that describes two categorical variables.

Question 20

Marginal Distribution

Answer 20

The distribution of values of a categorical variable among all individuals described by the table.

Question 21

Conditional Distribution

Answer 21

Describes the values of that variable among individuals who have a specific value of another variable.

Question 22

Segmented Bar Graph

Answer 22

A bar graph where columns have different segments.

Question 23

Side-by-side Bar Graph

Answer 23

A bar graph with two columns with different data next to each other.

Question 24

Association

Answer 24

If knowing the value of one variable helps predict the value of the other.

Question 25

Simpson's Paradox

Answer 25

When a trend appears in groups of data but disappears or reverses when the groups are combined.

Question 26

Dotplot

Answer 26

Each data value is shown as a dot on a number line.

Question 27

Shape

Answer 27

The form of something.

Question 28

Mode

Answer 28

The most common value of a set of data.

Question 29

Center

Answer 29

The midpoint of a set of values.

Question 30

Spread

Answer 30

How the data varies.

Question 31

Range

Answer 31

The difference between the maximum and minimum values in a set of data.

Question 32

Outlier

Answer 32

A value much greater or lesser than the rest of the values.

Question 33

Symmetric

Answer 33

If the left and right sides of a graph are mirror images of each other.

Question 34

Skewed Right

Answer 34

If the right side of the graph is much longer than the left.

Question 35

Skewed Left

Answer 35

If the left side of the graph is much longer than the left.

Question 36

Unimodal

Answer 36

A graph with a single peak.

Question 37

Bimodal

Answer 37

A graph with two peaks.

Question 38

Multimodal

Answer 38

A graph with multiple peaks.

Question 39

Stemplot

Answer 39

A graph that shows the shape of the distribution while showing the numerical values.

Question 40

Splitting Stems

Answer 40

Separating values into two stems.

Question 41

Back-to-back Stem Plots

Answer 41

A stem plot with common stems where the leaves on each side are ordered out from the common stem.

Question 42

Histogram

Answer 42

A common graph of the distribution of a quantitative variable.

Question 43

Mean

Answer 43

A value found by adding all the values and dividing by a number of observations.

Question 44

Median

Answer 44

The midpoint of a distribution.

Question 45

Interquartile Range (IQR)

Answer 45

Measures the range of the middle 50% of the data.

Question 46

Five-Number Summary

Answer 46

Consists of the minimum, the first quartile, the median, the third quartile, and the maximum.

Question 47

Boxplot

Answer 47

A way of showing the five-number summary.

Question 48

Standard Deviation

Answer 48

Measures the typical distance of values from the mean.

Question 49

Variance

Answer 49

The average squared deviation.