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ap us history Flashcards

3rd nine weeks test (55 cards)

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1
Q

characteristics of progressives

A
  • middle age protestors ( mostly women) in cities
    -moral voice to improve society
  • scientific management
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2
Q

characteristics of populists

A
  • came before progressives
  • farmers ( men and women)
  • did not accomplish much
    -progressive finished what populists started
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3
Q

causes and responses to farmers’ concern

A
  • Overproduction caused prices to go down (can’t make as much $)
    -Railroad companies ripped off farmers which costed more money
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4
Q

democratic party platform

A

-low tarrifs
-wanted free coinage of silver to increase money supply and make loans worth less to pay back

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5
Q

Civil Service Reform

A
  • Spoils system: patronage, hire whoever you want
  • Civil Service Exam allowed people to earn a government job rather than relying on having connections with politicians to hire them
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6
Q

Pendleton Act of 1833

A
  • Establishment of Civil Service Exam
  • More gov’t jobs filled by this
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7
Q

Sherman Antitrust Act

A
  • Attacked monopolies
  • Not very effective but did break up Standard Oil
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8
Q

Republican Party Platform

A
  • High tariffs (protect Northern industry)
    -For the Gold standard (protected wealthy bankers)
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9
Q

Clayton Antitrust Act

A

-More effective than Sherman Antitrust Act
-Product of the Progressive Era (Woodrow Wilson)

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10
Q

Interstate Commerce Act

A

-Federal government controls interstate commerce
-State laws were considered unconstitutional and the ICA was passed to create the Interstate -Commerce Committee (ICC)
-The ICC’s job was to regulate interstate commerce and ensure railroad companies were not ripping people off (protect farmers)

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11
Q

Omaha Platform

A

-Platform of the Populist Party
-Want to regulate railroads, coinage of silver, cooperation of farmers

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12
Q

Coxey’s Army

A

-Economic downturn (panic/depression/recession) of 1893
-Marches on Washington to petition the government for help
-Ultimately failed

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13
Q

Jim Crow laws

A

-Enforced segregation
-Voting restrictions (poll taxes, grandfather clause, literacy tests)

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14
Q

Segregation

A

-Aimed to create 2 separate societies of blacks and whites

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15
Q

Plessy v. Ferguson

A

-Ruled that segregation was constitutional under the “separate but equal” doctrine
-Overturned by Brown v. Board

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16
Q

Free silver v. the Gold standard

A

-More money = easy on farmers b/c more money with less value to pay back loans

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17
Q

“Cross of Gold” speech

A

-Given by WJB
-Compared the gold standard to crucifixion on a -Cross of Gold
-Moving allegory, impactful

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18
Q

William Jennings Bryant

A

-Represented Populists and Democratic when running for Presidency
-Lost election

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19
Q

1896 Presidential Campaign

A

-WJB loses to William McKinley (goes 0-3 in getting nominated but not elected)

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20
Q

The political power of the Gilded Age Big Business

A

-Robber Barons (Carnegie, Rockefeller, etc.) were able to “buy” the Presidency

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21
Q

1902 Anthracite Coal Strike

A

-Coal mine workers went on strike for better wages and conditions and less hours
-Dangerous to not have coal to heat homes in the middle of winter
-Teddy Roosevelt intervened by threatening to send in troops but took the side of the laborers (he was Republican but also a Progressive)

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22
Q

1911 Standard Oil Antitrust Case

A

-Broke up Standard Oil
-Created several different oil entities (end of monopoly)

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23
Q

Progressive conservation measures

24
Q

Progressive Era amendments19: women’s suffrage

Study These Flashcards
A

19: women’s suffrage
16: income tax
17: direct election of senators
18: prohibition

25
Conservation Movement
-Preserving natural resources and the environment -National parks are created
26
Social Gospel
-Idea that society is made better with the infiltration of Christianity into everyday life -Not just Christian on Sunday, but all week -Middle aged Protestant women led the charge
27
Settlement House Movement
-Hull House (Chicago) -Helped to settle primarily immigrants -Provided needs for those who needed help
28
Jane Addams
-Started the Hull House
29
Muckrakers
-Exposed major issues in society via photos/illustrations in newspapers/magazines -Generates $ and pressures government
30
Urban Political Machines/Boss Tweed
-Helped immigrants and bribed them for their vote -Used position to rip off taxpayers -Boss Tweed taken down by Nast
31
Child labor reforms
-Women get involved -Required schooling until certain age -Improved working conditions in factories
32
Jacob Riis “How the Other Half Lives”
-Exposed poor sanitation and housing in cities -Helped poor people -Upper middle class women get involved
33
Margaret Sanger
-Advocated for birth control -Saw that more children were an economic burden and having fewer to take care of would lessen the burden
34
Suffrage movement
-Women -Seneca Falls Convention (1848) 1920: 19th amendment
35
Atlanta Exposition Speech
-Made by Booker T. Washington (advocate for AA rights) -Gradualism (accept social inequality for economic equality, Tuskegee Institute created trade education for blacks to make income) -Critic was W.E.B DuBois
36
Niagara Movement
-Counterpoint to Booker T. Washington -Started NAACP -WEB DuBois is founder of NAACP -Wanted immediate social change for AAs
37
Founding of the NAACP
-Wanted immediate reform for African American rights
38
Robert La Follette
-Governor of Wisconsin -Income tax on businesses (graduated income tax) -More money = higher taxes
39
American Federation of Labor
-Led by Samuel Gompers -Skilled laborers (money = power)
40
1912 Presidential Election
-Roosevelt (Progressive), Taft (Republican), Wilson (Democrat) -Wilson wins b/c Roosevelt and Taft split vote
41
Social Darwinism
-Survival of the fittest -People are economically where they belong
42
The Maine
-Exploded -Triggered the Spanish American War -US declares war
43
U.S Involvement in the Philippines
-Emilio Aguinaldo led Filipinos in insurrection against US -Bloody but US eventually wins -Seen as hypocritical by some
44
U.S Involvement in Hawaii
-Invest in Hawaii but business was tough -Arranged to overthrow the Queen of Hawaii -Get annexed by McKinley as a US territory
45
Results of the Spanish-American War
-US got Puerto Rico and Guam -Paid $20 M for the Philippines -Cuba is independent (Teller Amendment)
46
Platt Amendment
-Cuba gave US naval bases (Guantanamo Bay) -If foreign country tries to get involved with Cuba they have to go through US
47
Root-Takahira Amendment
-US and Japan -Agreed to maintain status quo in the Pacific Ocean
48
“Gentleman’s Agreement”
-Agreement between Roosevelt and Japan -Japan cuts off immigration -US would stop segregating Japanese students in schools
49
Roosevelt Corollary
-Makes US the policeman of Latin America -Keep Europe out of Latin America and gives US an excuse to get involved
50
Open Door Policy
-Sphere of influence kept US from trading with China -John Hay proposed, China would be open to free trade with the United State
51
U.S relationship with China and Japan
-Decent relations -Status quo with Japan
52
Big Stick Diplomacy”
-Roosevelt -Great White fleet -Speak softly and carry a big stick
53
Negotiations for the building of the Panama Canal
-Colombia controlled Panama -Encouraged Panamanian Revolution so that the US could come build the canal
54
The problems with building the Panama Canal
-Mosquitoes -Mountains -Jungle -Disease
55
Imperialists v. Anti-imperialists
Imperialists: access to markets and military bases Anti: wrong, forcing oppression, not democratic

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