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ap us history Flashcards

3rd nine weeks test

1
Q

characteristics of progressives

A
  • middle age protestors ( mostly women) in cities
    -moral voice to improve society
  • scientific management
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2
Q

characteristics of populists

A
  • came before progressives
  • farmers ( men and women)
  • did not accomplish much
    -progressive finished what populists started
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3
Q

causes and responses to farmers’ concern

A
  • Overproduction caused prices to go down (can’t make as much $)
    -Railroad companies ripped off farmers which costed more money
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4
Q

democratic party platform

A

-low tarrifs
-wanted free coinage of silver to increase money supply and make loans worth less to pay back

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5
Q

Civil Service Reform

A
  • Spoils system: patronage, hire whoever you want
  • Civil Service Exam allowed people to earn a government job rather than relying on having connections with politicians to hire them
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6
Q

Pendleton Act of 1833

A
  • Establishment of Civil Service Exam
  • More gov’t jobs filled by this
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7
Q

Sherman Antitrust Act

A
  • Attacked monopolies
  • Not very effective but did break up Standard Oil
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8
Q

Republican Party Platform

A
  • High tariffs (protect Northern industry)
    -For the Gold standard (protected wealthy bankers)
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9
Q

Clayton Antitrust Act

A

-More effective than Sherman Antitrust Act
-Product of the Progressive Era (Woodrow Wilson)

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10
Q

Interstate Commerce Act

A

-Federal government controls interstate commerce
-State laws were considered unconstitutional and the ICA was passed to create the Interstate -Commerce Committee (ICC)
-The ICC’s job was to regulate interstate commerce and ensure railroad companies were not ripping people off (protect farmers)

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11
Q

Omaha Platform

A

-Platform of the Populist Party
-Want to regulate railroads, coinage of silver, cooperation of farmers

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12
Q

Coxey’s Army

A

-Economic downturn (panic/depression/recession) of 1893
-Marches on Washington to petition the government for help
-Ultimately failed

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13
Q

Jim Crow laws

A

-Enforced segregation
-Voting restrictions (poll taxes, grandfather clause, literacy tests)

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14
Q

Segregation

A

-Aimed to create 2 separate societies of blacks and whites

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15
Q

Plessy v. Ferguson

A

-Ruled that segregation was constitutional under the “separate but equal” doctrine
-Overturned by Brown v. Board

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16
Q

Free silver v. the Gold standard

A

-More money = easy on farmers b/c more money with less value to pay back loans

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17
Q

“Cross of Gold” speech

A

-Given by WJB
-Compared the gold standard to crucifixion on a -Cross of Gold
-Moving allegory, impactful

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18
Q

William Jennings Bryant

A

-Represented Populists and Democratic when running for Presidency
-Lost election

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19
Q

1896 Presidential Campaign

A

-WJB loses to William McKinley (goes 0-3 in getting nominated but not elected)

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20
Q

The political power of the Gilded Age Big Business

A

-Robber Barons (Carnegie, Rockefeller, etc.) were able to “buy” the Presidency

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21
Q

1902 Anthracite Coal Strike

A

-Coal mine workers went on strike for better wages and conditions and less hours
-Dangerous to not have coal to heat homes in the middle of winter
-Teddy Roosevelt intervened by threatening to send in troops but took the side of the laborers (he was Republican but also a Progressive)

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22
Q

1911 Standard Oil Antitrust Case

A

-Broke up Standard Oil
-Created several different oil entities (end of monopoly)

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23
Q

Progressive conservation measures

A

-Park system

24
Q

Progressive Era amendments19: women’s suffrage

A

19: women’s suffrage
16: income tax
17: direct election of senators
18: prohibition

25
Q

Conservation Movement

A

-Preserving natural resources and the environment
-National parks are created

26
Q

Social Gospel

A

-Idea that society is made better with the infiltration of Christianity into everyday life
-Not just Christian on Sunday, but all week
-Middle aged Protestant women led the charge

27
Q

Settlement House Movement

A

-Hull House (Chicago)
-Helped to settle primarily immigrants
-Provided needs for those who needed help

28
Q

Jane Addams

A

-Started the Hull House

29
Q

Muckrakers

A

-Exposed major issues in society via photos/illustrations in newspapers/magazines
-Generates $ and pressures government

30
Q

Urban Political Machines/Boss Tweed

A

-Helped immigrants and bribed them for their vote
-Used position to rip off taxpayers
-Boss Tweed taken down by Nast

31
Q

Child labor reforms

A

-Women get involved
-Required schooling until certain age
-Improved working conditions in factories

32
Q

Jacob Riis “How the Other Half Lives”

A

-Exposed poor sanitation and housing in cities
-Helped poor people
-Upper middle class women get involved

33
Q

Margaret Sanger

A

-Advocated for birth control
-Saw that more children were an economic burden and having fewer to take care of would lessen the burden

34
Q

Suffrage movement

A

-Women
-Seneca Falls Convention (1848)
1920: 19th amendment

35
Q

Atlanta Exposition Speech

A

-Made by Booker T. Washington (advocate for AA rights)
-Gradualism (accept social inequality for economic equality, Tuskegee Institute created trade education for blacks to make income)
-Critic was W.E.B DuBois

36
Q

Niagara Movement

A

-Counterpoint to Booker T. Washington
-Started NAACP
-WEB DuBois is founder of NAACP
-Wanted immediate social change for AAs

37
Q

Founding of the NAACP

A

-Wanted immediate reform for African American rights

38
Q

Robert La Follette

A

-Governor of Wisconsin
-Income tax on businesses (graduated income tax)
-More money = higher taxes

39
Q

American Federation of Labor

A

-Led by Samuel Gompers
-Skilled laborers (money = power)

40
Q

1912 Presidential Election

A

-Roosevelt (Progressive), Taft (Republican), Wilson (Democrat)
-Wilson wins b/c Roosevelt and Taft split vote

41
Q

Social Darwinism

A

-Survival of the fittest
-People are economically where they belong

42
Q

The Maine

A

-Exploded
-Triggered the Spanish American War
-US declares war

43
Q

U.S Involvement in the Philippines

A

-Emilio Aguinaldo led Filipinos in insurrection against US
-Bloody but US eventually wins
-Seen as hypocritical by some

44
Q

U.S Involvement in Hawaii

A

-Invest in Hawaii but business was tough
-Arranged to overthrow the Queen of Hawaii
-Get annexed by McKinley as a US territory

45
Q

Results of the Spanish-American War

A

-US got Puerto Rico and Guam
-Paid $20 M for the Philippines
-Cuba is independent (Teller Amendment)

46
Q

Platt Amendment

A

-Cuba gave US naval bases (Guantanamo Bay)
-If foreign country tries to get involved with Cuba they have to go through US

47
Q

Root-Takahira Amendment

A

-US and Japan
-Agreed to maintain status quo in the Pacific Ocean

48
Q

“Gentleman’s Agreement”

A

-Agreement between Roosevelt and Japan
-Japan cuts off immigration
-US would stop segregating Japanese students in schools

49
Q

Roosevelt Corollary

A

-Makes US the policeman of Latin America
-Keep Europe out of Latin America and gives US an excuse to get involved

50
Q

Open Door Policy

A

-Sphere of influence kept US from trading with China
-John Hay proposed, China would be open to free trade with the United State

51
Q

U.S relationship with China and Japan

A

-Decent relations
-Status quo with Japan

52
Q

Big Stick Diplomacy”

A

-Roosevelt
-Great White fleet
-Speak softly and carry a big stick

53
Q

Negotiations for the building of the Panama Canal

A

-Colombia controlled Panama
-Encouraged Panamanian Revolution so that the US could come build the canal

54
Q

The problems with building the Panama Canal

A

-Mosquitoes
-Mountains
-Jungle
-Disease

55
Q

Imperialists v. Anti-imperialists

A

Imperialists: access to markets and military bases
Anti: wrong, forcing oppression, not democratic

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