Apex- GI hormones and barrier pressure Flashcards
T/F: Somatostatin is associated with zollinger-ellison syndrome
false- gastrin
somatostatin is the treatment for carcinoid tumor
When food enters the stomach, what hormone is secreted to increase stomach acid and stimulate chief cells to secrete pepsinogen.
what does pepsinogen do in the presence of stomach acid
Gastrin
it’s converted to pepsin, which aids in protein digestion
What GI hormone tells the pancreas to secrete bicarb and the liver to secrete bile
site of production - what cells
what stimulates the release of this enzyme
Secretin
S- Cells in the Small Intestin
acid in the duodneoum
What GI hormone is stimulated by food in the duodneum and results in gallbladder contraction (bile release) and pancreatic enzyme secretion
where is it produced (what cells )
Cholecystokinin
Chole = GB
kinin = move
I cells in the small intestine
What GI hormone increases insuin release, decreaes agastric acid secretion and motility
what stimulates it’s release
what is it released from (what cells)
Gastric inhibitory peptide
food in the duodenum
K-Cells
Small intenstine
What GI hormone is the universal off switch for digestion?
what stimulates it
what cells secrete it and where
Somatostatin
food in gut, gastrin, CCK
D-Cells (d=death of digestion)
from pancreatic islet sells, stomach, and small intestine
Site of production of the following hormones: match:
-Gastrin
-Secretin
-Cholecystokinin
-Gastric Inhibitory peptide
-Somatostatin
I-cells, K-cells, G-cells, S-sells, D-cells
-Gastrin + G-cells (stomach)
-Secretin + S-cells (Small intestine)
-Cholecystokinin + I-cells (small intestine)
-Gastric Inhibitory peptide + K-cells (small intestin)
-Somatostatin + D cells (small intestine, stomach, panceratic islet)
Gastrin- G, easy
Secretin + S easy
Chole + I –> I have GB issues
Gastric inhibitory - K (K i think of as inhibitory)
Somatostatin + D (death to all GI function)
What is Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
A Gastrin-secreting tumor
> increased stomach acid
> gastric ulceration
The likely of reflux is determined by what
barrier pressure
LES pressure - Intragastric pressure
the higher the barrier pressure, the lower the likihood of reflux
strong barrier = low reflux
Barrier pressure is reduced by things that (decrease/increase) LES tone or (decrease/increase) intragastric pressure
reduced barrier pressure = increased risk of reflux
-things that decrease LES tone
things that increase intragastric pressure
Decrease/Increase LES tone or intragastric pressure:
Anticholinergics
decrease LES tone
decrease barrier pressure,, increase risk refulex
Decrease/Increase LES tone or intragastric pressure:
Cricoid pressure
decrease LES tone
decrease barrier pressure, increase risk of refulex
Decrease/Increase LES tone or intragastric pressure:
Pregnancy
decreases LES tone and intragastric pressure
both decrease barrier pressure, increase risk of reflux
barrier pressure = LES presure - intragastric presssure
Decrease/Increase LES tone or intragastric pressure:
Metoclopramide
INCREASES LES TONE! (Outlier)
increased LES tone = decreased risk of reflux
T/F: Sux does not affect barrier pressure
TRUE
increases LES tone AND increases intragastic pressure = 0 net change
does not increase risk of reflux
