APGOVCh6.Jamian.Kortekaas

Question 1

Bicameral Legislature

Answer 1

A two-house legislature.

Congress is an example of a bicameral legislature.

Question 2

Apportionment

Answer 2

The process of allotting congressional seats to each state according to its proportion of the population, following the decennial census.

The last apportionment was in 1929.

Question 3

Bill

Answer 3

A proposed law.

Bills must be passed by the President in order to go in effect.

Question 4

Impeachment

Answer 4

The power delegated to the House of Representatives in the Constitution to charge the president, vice president, or other “civil officers,” including federal judges, with “Treason, Bribery, or other high crimes and Misdemeanors.” This is the first step in the constitutional process of removing government officials from office.

Impeachment can only lead to the removal of office if the Senate votes to remove an officer.

Question 5

Edmund Burke

Answer 5

Conservative British political philosopher of the eighteenth century who articulated the view that elected representatives should act as “trustees” and use their own best judgment to make a final decision.

Edmund Burke believed in a trustees judgment rather than another source.

Question 6

Trustee

Answer 6

Role played by an elected representative who listens to constituents’ opinions and then uses his or her best judgment to make a final decision.

the role of a trustee is often associated with Burke’s philosophy.

Question 7

Delegate

Answer 7

Role played by a representative who votes the way his or her constituents would want, regardless of personal opinions; may refer to an elected representative to Congress or a representative to the party convention.

Based on a trustee’s decision, a delegate votes on the decision.

Question 8

Politico

Answer 8

An elected representative who acts as a trustee or as a delegate, depending on the issue.

Politico can either be a trustee or a delegate meaning they can make the final decision and/or vote.

Question 9

Incumbency

Answer 9

Already holding an office.

The President of the United States has an incumbency.

Question 10

Redistricting

Answer 10

The process of redrawing congressional districts to reflect increases or decreases in seats allotted to the states, as well as population shifts within a state.

Between 2011 and 2012, states began to redistrict their congressional legislatures.

Question 11

Gerrymandering

Answer 11

The drawing of congressional districts to produce a particular electoral outcome without regard to the shape of the district.

Gerrymandering has become a divisive topic in American politics.

Question 12

Majority Party

Answer 12

The political party in each house of Congress with the most members.

The Republicans hold the majority party in the Senate.

Question 13

Minority Party

Answer 13

The political party in each house of Congress with the second most members.

The Democrats hold the minority party in the Senate.

Question 14

Party caucus (for conference)

Answer 14

A formal gathering of all party members.

Members of each party can meet at a party caucus to set the agenda.

Question 15

Speaker of the House

Answer 15

The only officer of the House of Representatives specifically mentioned in the Constitution; the chamber’s most powerful position; traditionally a member of the majority party.

The current Speaker of the House is Nancy Pelosi.

Question 16

Majority Leader

Answer 16

The head of the party controlling the most seats in the House of Representatives or the Senate; is second in authority to the Speaker of the House and in the Senate is regarded as its most powerful member.

Steny Hoyer is the majority leader of the House.

Question 17

Minority Leader

Answer 17

The head of the party with the second highest number of elected representatives in the House of Representatives or the Senate.

Kevin Mccarthy is the minority leader of the House.

Question 18

Whip

Answer 18

Party leader who keeps close contact with all members of his or her party, takes vote counts on key legislation, prepares summaries of bills, and acts as a communications link within a party.

Steve Scalise is the Whip of the House.

Question 19

Presidential Pro Tempore

Answer 19

The official chair of the Senate; usually the most senior member of the majority party.

Orrin G. Hatch is the presidential pro tempore.

Question 20

Standing Committee

Answer 20

Committee to which proposed bills are referred; continues from one Congress to the next.

The Standing Committee decides if a bill is passed to the next Congress.

Question 21

Joint Committee

Answer 21

Standing committee that includes members from both houses of Congress set up to conduct investigations or special studies.

A Joint Commitee is a part of the Standing Committee.

Question 22

Conference Committee

Answer 22

Special joint Committee created to reconcile differences in bills passed by the House and Senate.

A Conference Committee is a part of a Joint Committee.

Question 23

Select (or special) Committee

Answer 23

Temporary committee appointed for a specific purposes.

Select Committees are needed in cases when other committees fall short.

Question 24

Hillary Clinton

Answer 24

First female major pary candidate for president of the United States, a Democrat, who ran against President Donald J. Trump in 2016. Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013; New York senator from 2001 to 2009; former first lady.

Hilary Clinton served as President Obama’s Secretary of State.

Question 25

House Committee on Rules

Answer 25

The influential “Rules Committee” determines the scheduling and conditions, such as length of debate and type of allowable amendments, for all bills in the House of Representatives (but not in the Senate, where debate is less regulated).

The House Committee on Rules is more regulated in the House.

Question 26

Discharge Petition

Answer 26

Petition that gives a majority of the House of Representatives the authority to bring an issue to the floor in the face of committee inaction.

If a committee does not bring an issue to the floor it is up to Discharge Petition to do so.

Question 27

Seniority

Answer 27

Time of continuous sevice on a committee.

Someone is considered seniority if they’ve served a continous term on a committee.

Question 28

Markup

Answer 28

A session in which committee members offer changes to a bill before it goes to the floor.

Committee members must begin a Markup session for a bill.

Question 29

Committee of the Whole

Answer 29

A procedure that allows the House of Representatives to deliberate with a lower quorum and to expeditie consideration and amendment of a bill.

All House members must be present for the Committe of the Whole/

Question 30

Hold

Answer 30

A procedure by which a senator asks to be informed before a particular bill or nomination is brought to the floor. This request signals leadership that a member may have objections to the bill (or nomination) and should be consulted before further action is taken.

A senator can hold a bill before it goes to the floor.

Question 31

Filibuster

Answer 31

A formal way of halting Senate action on a bill by means of long speeches or unlimited debate.

Fillbusters are not regulated in the Senate.

Question 32

Cloture

Answer 32

Mechanism requring the vote of sixty senators to cut off debate.

Debates, including Fillbusters, can be cut off with a cloture.

Question 33

Veto

Answer 33

The formal, constitutional authority of the president to reject bills passed by both houses of Congress, thus preventing them from becoming law without further congressional action.

The President can veto a bill from both chambers of Congress.

Question 34

Pocket Veto

Answer 34

If Congress adjourns during the ten days the president has to consider a bill passed by both houses of Congress, the bill is considered vetoed without the president’s signature.

A Pocket Veto is only apparent when both chambers of Congress adjourns without a bill being signed.

Question 35

Richard M. Nixon

Answer 35

The thirty-seventh president, a Republican, who served from 1969 through 1974. Nixon advocate detente during the Cold War and resigned rather than face impeachment and likely removal from office due to the Watergate scandal.

The Watergate Scandal brought up impeachment hearings for Richard M. Nixon.

Question 36

Congressional Budget Act of 1974

Answer 36

Act that established the congressional budgetary process by laying out a plan for congressional action on the annual budget resolution, appropriations, reconciliation, and any other revenue bill.

The Congressional Budget Act of 1974 has brought upon Congress to act upon revenue bills which have consequently increased the likelihood of a government shutdown.

Question 37

Reconciliation

Answer 37

A procedure that allows consideration of controversial issues affecting the budget by limting debate to twenty hours, thereby ending threat of a filibuster.

Fillbusters can be ended through reconciliation

Question 38

Pork

Answer 38

Legislation that allows representatives to bring money and jobs to their districts in the form of public works programs, military bases, or other programs.

Pork legislation is beneficial towards public works programs.

Question 39

Programmatic Requests

Answer 39

Federal funds designated for special projects within a state or congressional distrcit.

Programmatic REquests are also referred to as earmarks.

Question 40

Divided Government

Answer 40

The political condition in which different political parties control the presidency and at least one house of Congress.

As of now both chambers are controlled by opposing parties leading to a Divided Government.

Question 41

War Powers Resolution

Answer 41

Passedby Congress in 1973; the president is limited in the deployment of troops overseas to a sixty-day period in peacetime (which can be extended for an extra thirty days to permit withdrawal) unless Congress explicitly gives its approval for a longer period.

After the Vietnam War, the War Powers Resolution was passed by Congress.

Question 42

Congressional Review

Answer 42

A process whereby Congress can nullfiy agency regulations within a 60-day window by passing a joint resolution of legislative disapproval. The president’s approval of the resolution or a two-thirds majority vote in both houses to overrule a presidential veto is also required.

Departments or agency rules can be overriden by Congressional Review.

Question 43

Senatorial Courtesy

Answer 43

A process by which presidents generally allow senators from the state in which a judicial vacancy occurs to block a nomination by simply registering their objection.

Senatorial Courtesy is a process that only Presidents can take part in.

Question 44

Unified Government

Answer 44

The political condition in which the same poltical party controls the presidency and Congress.

Prior to the 2018 midterm elections, The US had a Unified Government.

Question 45

Logrolling

Answer 45

Vote training; voting to support a colleague’s bill in return for a promise of future support.

Logrolling is similar to lobbying in that a different party supports a bill in return for something.

Question 46

Congressional Research Service (CRS)

Answer 46

Created in 1914, the non-partisan CRS provides information, studies, and research in support of the work of Congress, and prepares summaries and tracks the progress of all bills.

The Congressional Research Service has existed in the US for more than 100 years.

Question 47

Government Accountability Office (GAO)

Answer 47

Established in 1921, the GAO is an independent regultory agency for the prupose of auditing the financial expenditures of the exectuive branch and federal agencies; until 2004, the GAO was known as the Gernal Accounting Office.

Government Accountability Office had its name changed in 2004.

Question 48

Congressional Budget Office (CBO)

Answer 48

Created n 1974, the CBO provides Congress with evaluations of the potential economic effects of proposed spending policies and also analyzes the president’s budget and economic projections.

The Congressional Budget Office is crucial towards making sure economic policies are beneficial.