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Clinical Methods Module 3 > Aphasia > Flashcards

Aphasia Flashcards

1
Q

What is Aphasia?

A

Language disorder as a resulting from brain damage that manifests with impaired comprehension and or expression.

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2
Q

What is the most common cause of Aphasia?

A

CVA (stroke)

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3
Q

What motor impairments often accompany Aphasia?

A

Hemiplegia or Hemiparesis (right side of body weakened or paralyzed)
Hemianopsia (right visual field deficit)

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4
Q

What are some speech characteristics present with Aphasia?

A 
Anomia 
Perseveration 
Phonemic Paraphasia
Semantic Paraphasia
Neologism 
Agrammatism 
Subpropositional Speech
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5
Q

Word retrieval problem; person can’t find right word

A

Anomia

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6
Q

Inappropriate continuation of same response

A

Perseveration

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7
Q

Transposition of Sounds in a word

A

Phonemic Paraphasia

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8
Q

Substitution of one word for another (often categorically similar)

A

Semantic Paraphasia

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9
Q

Word invented by aphasic person

A

Neologism

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10
Q

Aphasic person’s omission of function words; a syntactic deficit

A

Agrammatism

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11
Q

Aphasic person has fluent grammar but may be echolalic (only repeats what is said)

A

Subpropositional Speech

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12
Q

What are the 2 classifications of Aphasias?

A

Nonfluent Aphasia

Fluent Aphasia

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13
Q

What are the 3 nonfluent Aphasias?

A

Broca’s
Transcortical Motor
Global

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14
Q

What are the 3 fluent Aphasias?

A

Wernicke’s
Conduction
Anomic

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15
Q

What are some characteristics of Nonfluent Aphasia?

A 
Comprehension varies; is sometimes spared
Reduced Vocabulary 
Agrammatic (telegraphic) 
Impaired Articulation 
Person is Usually Aware of their Errors
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16
Q

What are some characteristics of Fluent Aphasia?

A

Wernicke’s Impaired Comprehension
Normal or Fast rate of Speech
Evidence of Neologisms, Paraphasias, Anomia and Perseveration
Unaware of Their own Errors

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17
Q

Which type of Aphasic patient is unaware of his or her own errors?

A

Fluent Aphasia

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18
Q

Things to consider when developing goals for person with Aphasia (4)

A

Assessment of Modalities Affected
Client’s Communication Needs
Client’s Priorities
Most Efficient/Effective Means of Communication

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19
Q

What are the possible modalities that might be affected by aphasia?

A

Receptive Language

Expressive Language

20
Q

Overall Goal of Aphasia Therapy:
“To improve a client’s _____________________ skills to the highest degree possible within the ____________________ of the _____________ damage.

A

communication; constraints; neurological

21
Q

What are the 2 Main Theoretical Orientations to Aphasia Treatment?

A

Restorative/Linguistic

Substitutive/Compensatory

22
Q

Orientation to therapy that strengthens skills through direct instruction

A

Restorative (Linguistic)

23
Q

Orientation to therapy that uses intensive and repeated therapy activities to improve linguistic skills that have been affected

A

Restorative (Linguistic)

24
Q

Orientation to therapy that is also referred to as neurophychological or neurolinguistic

A

Restorative (Linguistic)

25
Q

Orientation to therapy that establishes functional communication in an individual with aphasia

A

Substitutive/Compensatory

26
Q

Orientation to therapy that uses procedures to encourage whatever modalities are available for the individual to convey messages

A

Substitutive/Compensatory

27
Q

Orientation that focuses on functional communication for basic needs, social communication, reading/writing/math, and daily planning

A

Substitutive/Compensatory

28
Q

What are some Specific Aphasia Intervention Approaches?

A 
Constraint-Induced Language Therapy
Stimulation-facilitation
Melodic Intonation Therapy
Gestural Program: Amer-Ind
Gestural Program: Visual Action Therapy
Promoting Aphasic’ Communicative Effectiveness
Life Participation Approach to Aphasia
29
Q

Intensive therapy that uses shaping by successive approximation. Client’s use of nonverbal communication is restricted.

A

Constraint-Induced Language Therapy

30
Q

Is Constraint-Induced Language Therapy Restorative or Compensatory?

A

Restorative

31
Q

Therapy technique that uses “intoning” to facilitate verbal expression. Varied, melodic pitches and rhythms are used to recruit participation of the right hemisphere to improve verbal production.

A

Melodic Intonation Therapy

32
Q

Is Melodic Intonation Therapy Restorative or Compensatory?

A

Restorative

33
Q

Melodic Intonation Therapy would be used with patients who have damage on which side of the brain?

A

Left Hemisphere (location of language centers)

34
Q

This program is a technique based on American Indian Hand Talk. It is used for individuals with severely restricted verbal repertoires

A

Gestural Program: Amer-Ind

35
Q

Is the Gestural Program of Amer-Ind restorative or Compensatory?

A

Compensatory (substitutive)

36
Q

This gestural program uses objects and pictures to teach a client to communicate simple messages. It is a non-vocal strategy used for individuals with global aphasia and severe impairments.

A

Visual Action Therapy

37
Q

Is Visual Action Therapy a Restorative or Compensatory therapy?

A

Compensatory (substitutive)

38
Q

Therapeutic technique conducted in the context of a naturalistic environment. Teaches client to convey intended messages using whatever means available.

A

PACE (Promoting Aphasics’ Communicative Effectiveness

39
Q

What is PACE?

A

Promoting Aphasics’ Communicative Effectiveness

40
Q

Is PACE a Restorative or Compensatory Therapy?

A

Compensatory (substitutive)

41
Q

This therapy technique is designed to maximize a client’s re-engagement in life and base all therapy on the life concerns specific to that client and his family. It focuses on improving client’s ability to function in life AND modify environment to promote participation.

A

Life Participation Approach to Aphasia

42
Q

Is Life Participation Approach to Aphasia a restorative or compensatory treatment plan?

A

Compensatory

43
Q

What are the three elements to writing a behavioral objective for patients with aphasia?

A

Do: “client will name pictures” etc.
Condition: after a paragraph, egocentric, abstract,
Criteria: +/-, tally of behavior, scale of performance

44
Q

How can we target generalization with aphasic clients?

A

Group therapy

45
Q

What are a few things that make aphasia therapy more likely to be effective?

A 
single stroke
frequent therapy
younger client 
a prior spontaneous recovery
a less severe lesion
46
Q

Clinicians should consistently use what type of speech with aphasic clients?

A

Slower rate

47
Q

Clients with auditory comprehension deficits benefit from substantial what?

A

repetition and redundancy of verbal input.

Clinical Methods Module 3 (3 decks)

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