App flash cards - 1
(101 cards)
1
Q
Braden scale
A
Used to assess a pt risk for developing a pressure ulcer
Out of 23
The lower the score the higher the risk of developing a pressure wound
2
Q
What test can be used to test for an arterial wound
A
ABI
3
Q
What is compared in ABI
A
The systolic blood pressure in your arm compared to your ankle to see if pt has PAD
4
Q
What scale is used to classify neuropathic ulcers
A
Wagner ulcer grade class
5
Q
What is dependent edema
A
When there is an increase in extra cellular fluid volume in dependent areas
Dependent areas - area below the heart (feet and ankles)
Most likely due to excess fluid
6
Q
What are distended viens and what can cause them
A
When there is an accumulation of blood in viens returning to the heart
CHF
7
Q
What is orthopnea
A
The inability to breath unless sitting up of standing
Associated with a fluid overload
8
Q
What temp should hot pack be stored
A
158-167 f
70-75 c
9
Q
How many towel layers should be applied
A
6-8 layers
10
Q
What is the trans-theoretical model
A
Model of intention to change that focuses on the decision making process
11
Q
What is hypervolemia
A
Conditions in which there is too much volume in the blood
Common causes - liver failure, CHF, kidney failure, burns
12
Q
What is heterotrophs ossification
A
The spontaneous formation of bone in the soft tissue
13
Q
What is the FIM
A
Used in rehab hospital to determine a pt level of disability and burden of care
14
Q
Tinette performance oriented mobility assessment
A
Balance - sit to stand and standing section
Gait- normal and rapid speeds
Score:28, 19 fall risk
15
Q
What is the fugal Myer assessment
A
Used to measure recovery post CVA
16
Q
Barthel index
A
Designed to measure the amount of assistance needed to perform 10 different ADL and mobility activities
17
Q
What are some risk factors for heat illness
A
Age extremes
Excessive muscle mass- obese individuals
Previous heat illness
Salt or water depletion
Acute or chronic illness
18
Q
What is heart failure
A
What the heart cannot maintain its normal CO which is required to meet the bodies demand for blood and oxygen
19
Q
Wagner ulcer classification: 1
A
Superficial ulcer w/o any subcutaneous tissue involvement
20
Q
Wagner ulcer classification: 2
A
Ulcer penetrates the subcutaneous tissue with possible exposure to the bone, tendon of ligament capsule
21
Q
Wagner ulcer classification: 3
A
Grade 2 ulcer the has progressed into bone inflammation or infection
22
Q
What is osteomyelitis
A
Bone infection
23
Q
Wagner ulcer classification: 4
A
Grade 3 ulcer that has progressed and resulted in gangrene of the digit
24
Q
What is the most appropriate artery to plate on an infant
A
The brachial artery
25
Glasgow coma scale: scoring
<8 severe injury
9 - 12 moderate brain injury
13 - 15 mild brain injury
26
What are the sections of the Glasgow coma scale
Eye, motor, verbal
27
What is a Hickman catheter
It is a catheter that inserts into the right atrium of the heart
The catheter permits the removal of blood samples, administration of medication, and monitoring of central venous pressure
28
What is a swan-ganz catheter
Soft flexible catheter that is inserted through a bien and then through a pulmonary artery
Used to monitor continuous pulmonary arterial pressure
Pt should avoid activities that increase pressure on catheter arterial site
29
What is an arterial line
A monitored device that consist of a catheter that is inserted into an artery and is connected to a electric monitoring system
Used to measure blood pressure or obtain blood samples
30
What is the gait characterization of Parkinson’s disease
Decreased stride length and velocity
Festering gait
31
What is kinesthésie
The ability of the body to recognize the direction and extent a body part is moving
32
What is the purpose of a PNF exercise
Used to assist in starting a movement pattern
Also allows a pt to understand the rate a movement should be at
33
What does the PR interval represent
Time required to conduct a signal from the SA node to the AV node
34
How is heart block characterized
First, second, third degree depending on how bad it is
3rd is the worst
35
What is heart block
a cardiovascular emergency that occurs when electrical signals cannot pass from the atria to the ventricles of the heart
36
What is the ecg characteristic of heart block
Prolonged PR interval greater the .2 seconds
37
What is an inverted r wave associated with
Myocardial infarction
38
What is myocardial infarction
Blockage of the arteries that serve the heart
39
What does a weird QRS wave lead us to think
Premature vetricular contraction- the the ventricle contracts before its normal time
40
Angina vs myocardial ischemia
Angina - chest pain 2/2 myo inschemia
Myo ischemia- when the heart muscle does not get enough blood to function
41
What is resting pressure vs working pressure -compression therapy
Resting - compression extorted by the bandages when the pt is at rest
Working - compression extorted by the bandages when the muscles contract against it
42
Long stretch bandages -compression therapy
High levels of extensibility (sig stretch) that provide great pressure while the pt is at rest
Not a lot of working pressure
For pt who need high resting pressure
43
Short stretch bandages- compression therapy
Low levels of extensibility that provide great pressure when the pt is active
44
Antiembolism stocking - compression therapy
Garments that provide low levels of compression
Used primarily to prevent DVT in immobile pts
Do not provide enough compression to reduce of control edema
45
What is another name for short stretch compression bandages
Low stretch bandages
46
What is the function of a posterior leaf spring orthosis
This resists plantar flexion at heel strike and swing phase
Prevents the foot from slapping and dragging
Indicated for weakness of the ankle DF
47
Why does someone with weak PF not benefit from a pls orthodontic
The pt need adequate PF strength to overcome the resistance
An AFO would be better for this pt
48
What is a bone scan
An invasive procedure used to provide info about bone structures - stress fracture, infection, cancer
49
What is a fluoroscopy
Used to show motion within the body
This is a continuous X-ray beam
50
What does a MRI show us
Cross sectional areas of the body
Most often used to look at soft tissue structures - muscles, meniscus, ligaments, tendons, tumors, internal organs
51
What is the function of ultrasound
Non invasive procedure that uses sound waves to produce images of structures within the body
Also shows the movement of the structure
52
What is semi Fowler position
Head of the bed elevated 45-deg and pillows under the knees for support and maintenance of the proper lumbar curve
53
The right coranary art supplies what side of the heart
The right side
54
The right coranary art supplies what side of the heart
The right side because it pumps deoxy blood to the lungs
55
What part of the body does the left subclavian art serve
Branches off the aorta and serves mainly the left arm
56
What does the ant descending art serve
This is a branch of the left coronary artery
Supplies blood to the ant portion of the left ventricle
57
What is the most common area of myocardial infarction
The left anterior descending art
58
What is de quiverians tenosynovistis normally 2/2
Inflammatory process involving the tendons and the synovium of the and pollius long and extensor pollisus brevis at the base of the thumb
Onset normally due to relative activities of thumb and and extension
59
What test can be used to diagnose de quervians teno
Finklestien
60
What is pulse pressure
Systolic - diastolic
Measures the force the heart generates each time it contracts
And
A measure of arterial stiffness
61
What does residual limb mean
The remaining limb following a prosthesis
62
What can happen if the residual limb is weak - prosthesis
This can cause the the prosthesis to move freely around and the femur
63
What is a plavix (clopidogrel)
Anti thrombotic agent - inhibiting platelets formation and clot formation
Side effects: thrombocytopenia, hemorrhage
64
What is warfarin
Anticoagulants agent - prevent platelets and thrombus formation
Side effects: increased risk of bleeding, hemmorage
65
What is another name for warafarin
Coumadin
66
What is simvastatin(zocor)
Antihyperlipidemia agent. Inhibits enzyme action in cholesterol breakdown. Inhibits beak down of LDLs. Increase HDLs
Side: HA, stomach upset, myalgia, skin rash
67
What is the action of pectoral major
Add of arm and medial rotation of the shoulder
68
What is emphysema
The alveoli of the lungs are damaged
Leads to shortness of breath
69
What leads to an increase in lung sounds
An increase in lung density
70
What is propafenone used for
Is indicated to alter conduction patterns of the heart
Side effects: n/v and symptoms of CHF
71
What is Coumadin used for
Anticoagulants
Normally prescribes post surgically to prevent DVT
Side effects: brusing, bleeding, gi distress
72
What Is fluvastatin used for
Lipid lowering medication - lowers LDLs, low density lipoproteins, triglycerides levels
Side effects: n/v, abd pain, increased liver enzymes, sleep disturbances, peri neuropathy
73
What is furosemide used for
Diuretics medication
Increase the exertion of sodium and water to decrease BP and fluid retention
74
What is the LLP of the huméral ulnar joint
70-degrees flex
10-degrees supination
75
What is the OPP for the proximal ulnar radial joint
70-degrees flex
35-degrees supination
76
What is the LLP for the huméral radial joint
Full ext and full sup
77
What is the point of insentive spirometer
Uses visual or other feedback to encourage long slow deep inhalations
78
Why are pt given compression garments following surgery
To prevent a DVT
79
What is restrictive lung disease
Any condition that results in a restriction of lung volume and chest wall compliance
Can have pulmonary of extra pulmonary causes - scoliosis
80
What is sarcoidosis
Systematic disease that is characterized by granulomatous inflammation throughout the body
Can progress to fibrous
81
What are the two main conditions the make up COPD
emphasyma and chronic bronchitis
82
What is the contract relax neuromuscular techniques used for
PNF tech used to increase the range of motion to one side of a joint
83
What is an isotonic contraction
The tension remains the same while the muscle length changes
Can be either concentric or eccentric
84
What is a concentric muscle contraction
Muscle length shortening
The muscle origin and insertion come closer together
85
What is rhythmic initiation used for
Used to initiate movement when hypertonic exists
Movement is progressed from passive to AA to active
Movements are slow and rhythmic
86
What is rhythmic stabilization used for
Increase rom and to coordinate isometric contractions
Requires contraction of all the muscle around the joint against progressive resistance
87
What is the characteristic of a third def sprain
Involves the complete rupture or break in the continuity of the ligament
88
What is the characteristic of a first degree sprain
Stretch of the ligament but not discontinuity
89
What is the difference between sprain and strain
Sprain - injury to the ligament
Strain - injury to the muscle or tendon
90
What does body composition mean
The relative percentage of body weight that is comprised of fat free tissue
91
What are common anthropomorphic measurements
Height
Weight
BMI
Waist to hip ratio
Percentage of body fat
92
What is bioélectricités impedance
Measures body composition using electrical current to determine the resistance or the opposition to current flow through the body
93
What is hydrostatic weighing
Calculates the density of the body by putting a pt in water and measuring the amount the water gets displaced
This the gold standard for determining body composition
94
What is skin fold measurement
Used to determine the overall percentage of body fat through measurements at 9 standard sites
Subcutaneous fat compared to overall body fat
95
What is hemoptysis
Coughing up blood
96
What is bronchiectasis
Characterized by permanent, abnormal dilation, of the bronchi and bronchioles
Caused by the destruction of the muscular and elastic portions of the bronchi walls
97
What is the common clinical presentation of bronchiectasis
Cough
Mucopurlent septum
Fetid breath
Recurrent pulmonary infections
Recurrent hemoptysis
98
What is fetid breath
Bad smelling breath
99
What is mucopurlent discharge
Thick yellow or greenish liquid that contains mucus and pus
100
What is mucopurlent discharge
Thick yellow or greenish liquid that contains mucus and pus
101
What is idiopathic pulmonary fibrous
Inflammation and eventual destruction of the aveolar walls
Decreased lung compliance - therefore this is a restrictive lung disease
