Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards by Ava Colabelli

Scapula

Two bones often called the shoulder blades

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Superior border

Superior edge

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Medial border

Medial edge, next to vertebral column

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Lateral border

Lateral edge, next to the axilla

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Superior angle

Between superior and medial borders

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Lateral angle

Inferior glenoid fossa

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Inferior angle

Between medial and lateral borders

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Acromion process

Lateral point of the shoulder, articulates with clavicle

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Coracoid process

Inferior and anterior to acromion process

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Glenoid fossa or cavity

Shoulder “socket”

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Spine of the scapula

Posterior structure

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Supraspinous fossa -

Posterior, superior to spine

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Infraspinous fossa

Posterior, inferior to spine

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Subscapular fossa

Anterior, concave towards rib cage

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Clavicle

Two bones that connect to sternum on either side

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Sternal end

Medial end, articulates with sternum

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Acromial end

Lateral end, articulates with acromion process

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Humerus

Previously known as brachial bone

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Head

Smooth rounded proximal portion

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Anatomical neck

Narrowing distal to head

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Greater tubercle

Proximal

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Intertubercular groove (bicipital)

Between 2 tubercles

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Deltoid tuberosity

Lateral shaft

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Olecranon fossa

Posterior, inferior fossa for olecranon process

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Capitulum

Distal, lateral smooth, rounded knuckle

Trochlea

Distal, medial, pointed knuckle

Medial and lateral epicondyle

Bony mass proximal to the capitulum and trochlea

Ulna

Medial forearm bone

Olecranon process

Proximal, posterior, point of elbow, fits in olecranon fossa, superior lip of trochlear notch

Radial notch

Articulates with head of radius

Trochlear notch

Articulates with the trochlea from the humerus

Head

Distal end

Styloid process

Distal, projection from head

Coronoid process

Inferior lip of trochlear notch

Radius

Lateral forearm bone

Head

Proximal end, looks like spool

Neck

Distal to head

Radial tuberosity

Proximal end

Ulnar notch

Distal end, articulates with ulna

Styloid process

Distal end, projection on lateral side

Carpals

Two rows of 4. Some lovers try positions that they can't handle! Names lateral to medial, proximal row then distal ro

Scaphoid

Looks like a boat or spoon

Lunate

Moon shaped

Triquetral

Triangular shaped, superman sign

Pisiform

Pea shaped

Trapezium

Small table or stool shaped

Trapezoid

Four sides but not really square

Capitate

Dome, darth vader

Hamate

Has a hook

Metacarpals

Five bones, numbered from the lateral (thumb/pollex) side

Phalanges (Phalanx for one)

Each finger has 3 except the pollex that only has 2

Sacrum

Posterior portion of girdle.

Os Coxa (innominate bone)

Hip bones that form anterior and lateral portions of girdle. 3 fused bones (ischium, ilium, pubis

Acetabulum

Cup shaped cavity on lateral aspect of girdle, holds head of femur

Obturator foramen

Largest foramen, between ischium and pubis

Ilium

Superior portion of hip bone

Iliac crest

Superior border

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)

Anterior, superior

Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)

Anterior, inferior

Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS)

Posterior, superior

Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine (PIIS)

Posterior, inferior

Greater sciatic notch

Inferior to PIIS

Iliac fossa

Anterior, concave surface distal to crest

Iliac tuberosity

Medial aspect of crest

Ischium

Posterior, inferior portion

Ischial spine

Inferior to greater sciatic notch

Lesser sciatic notch

Inferior to ischial spine

Ischial tuberosity

Inferior

Pubis

Anterior, inferior portion

Pubic symphysis

Cartilage between symphaseal surfaces

Pubic Crest

Area superior to symphaseal surfaces

Femur

Longest bones in the body

Head

Medial ball like structure that fits into the acetabulum

Neck

Lateral to head

Greater trochanter

Superior, lateral

Lesser trochanter

Posterior, inferior to head

Gluteal tuberosity

Posterior, lateral surface of shaft

Linea Aspera

Two lipped line on posterior shaft

Medial and Lateral condyles

Distal rounded knuckles

Intercondylar fossa

Notch found between condyles on posterior side

Medial and Lateral Epicondyles

Bony tissue superior to condyles

Patellar surface

Smooth anterior surface that articulates with patell

Patella

Knee caps, triangular in shape

Base

Superior surface

Apex

Pointy, inferior surface

Tibia

Weight bearing bone on the medial side of the lower extremity

Medial and Lateral Condyles

2 large, almost flat condyles on the superior surface and that articulate with the condyles of the femur. They look like large facets

Tibial tuberosity

Anterior and superior projection

Medial malleolus

Projection on the medial and distal side

Fibula

Long slender bones on the lateral side of the lower leg

Head

Rounded proximal end

Lateral malleolus

Projection on the lateral and distal side

Talus

Has large rounded top

Calcaneus

Largest tarsal, heel bone

Navicular

Anterior to talus, on medial side

Cuboid

Anterior to calcaneus, on lateral side

Cuneiforms (3)

Anterior to navicular, medial to cuboid

Metatarsals

Five bones, numbered from the medial (hallux) side

Phalanges (Phalanx for one)

Each toe has 3 except the hallux that only has 2