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Neuroanatomy 1 > Appendix A > Flashcards

Appendix A Flashcards

1
Q

whitish appering PNS structures filled with neuron fibers which innervate the body’s parts.

A

Nerve

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2
Q

ACH

A

acetylcholine

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3
Q

GABA

A

gamma-aminobutyric acid

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4
Q

ALS

A

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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5
Q

M.S.

A

multiple sclerosis

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6
Q

M.O.

A

medulla oblongata

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7
Q

PET

A

positron emission tomography

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8
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging

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9
Q

CAT

A

computerized axial tomography

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10
Q

EEG

A

electroencephalogram

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11
Q

IVF

A

intervertebral foramen

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12
Q

DRG

A

dorsal root ganglia

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13
Q

TIA

A

transient ischemic attack

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14
Q

CVA

A

cerebrovascular accident

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15
Q

CSF

A

cerebrospinal fluid

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16
Q

BBB

A

blood brain barrier

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17
Q

Pons

A

bridge. located between the M.O. and the midbrain

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18
Q

Pallium

A

To cloak; used synonymously with “cortex”

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19
Q

Operculum

A

Means lid or covering

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20
Q

Micron

A

a unit of length

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21
Q

Glial

A

glue

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22
Q

Foramen

A

opening

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23
Q

Fenestra

A

window like

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24
Q

Falx

A

sickle-shaped

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25
Q

Cytoarchitecture

A

The pattern of cell arrangements

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26
Q

Crus

A

leg

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27
Q

Cornu

A

Horn-shaped process

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28
Q

cephalgia

A

headache

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29
Q

cuada equina

A

horse’s tail

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30
Q

Neo

A

new, recent

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31
Q

Paleo

A

Prefix meaning “old” - similar to but not used interchangeably with “Archi” in the CNS

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32
Q

Archi

A

Prefix meaning beginning or original

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33
Q

Dysphasia

A

A partial or unusual loss of communicative ability

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34
Q

Aphasia

A

inability to communicate by speech, writing, or signs

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35
Q

Paralysis

A

temporary or permanent loss of motor control

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36
Q

Ataxia

A

General term for irregularity in skeletal muscle coordination

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37
Q

myelography

A

radiography of the spinal cord and nerve roots

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38
Q

Angiography

A

radiographic imaging of blood vessels

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39
Q

Stroke

A

Blood vascular loss in the CNS leading to permanent or prolonged brain damage

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40
Q

Aneurysm

A

An abnormal dilation of a blood vessel wall and its lumen

41
Q

Hematoma

A

An accumulation of blood outside of the blood vessels

42
Q

Ischemia

A

Means to suppress blood supply to an area. This results in abnormal function and may lead to necrosis

43
Q

Idiopathic

A

Generally used to mean something of unknown cause

44
Q

Metastatic

A

Transferring to other tissue

45
Q

Malignant

A

Spreading life threatening neoplasm

46
Q

Neoplasm (tumor)

A

Any new abnormal growth

47
Q

Necrosis

A

death of cells or tissues

48
Q

Myelopathy

A

Lesion of the spinal cord

49
Q

Lesion

A

Any type of injury, damage or “hurt”

50
Q

Fugal

A

Traveling away from

51
Q

Retrograde

A

Going backward. In neurology often refers to going toward the cell body

52
Q

Anterograde

A

Going forward. In neurology often refers to going away from the neuron cell body

53
Q

Ipsilateral

A

On the same side

54
Q

Contralateral

A

to the opposite side

55
Q

Decussation

A

A crossing - used more liberally to indicate crossing of fibers and tracts in the CNS

56
Q

Chiasma

A

A crossing, usually relating to the crossing of optic fibers

57
Q

Cholinergic

A

The releasing of choline-like (acetylcholine) molecules at a target site

58
Q

Adrenergic

A

The releasing of adrenalin-like (norepinephrine included) molecules at a target site

59
Q

Kinesthesia

A

The modality of conscious awareness of body position and muscle movement

60
Q

Proprioception

A

The modality of conscious awareness of body position and muscle movement

61
Q

Modality

A

A specific sensory entity, such as gustatory (taste), olfaction (smell), pain, etc.

62
Q

Somesthetic

A

To sense the body

63
Q

Pachymeninx

A

thin membrane

64
Q

Leptomeninix

A

thick membrane

65
Q

Aqueduct

A

Passageway

66
Q

Central canal

A

A tiny channel found within the spinal cord and inferior medulla oblongata

67
Q

Vertebral canal (Neural Canal)

A

Passageway created by the contiuous nature of vertebral foramina

68
Q

Neurilemma

A

A covering around a neuron fiber created by a surrounding cell (it may or may not e myelinated))

69
Q

Axolemma

A

Name often applied to the outer plasma membrane of an axon

70
Q

Ramus

A

Literally means a branch.

71
Q

Fiber

A

If a neuron has a dominately long process (dentrite or axon) that process can be called a

72
Q

Dentrite

A

A processs of a neron which carries a charge or impulse toward the cell body

73
Q

Hillock

A

A small prominence or elevation

74
Q

Axon

A

A process of a neuron which carries a charge or impulse away the cell body

75
Q

Perikaryon

A

Used synonymously with the cell body (soma) of the neuron

76
Q

Neuron

A

nerve cell

77
Q

Ganglia

A

A cluster or group of neuron cell bodies within the PNS

78
Q

Nuclei

A

As used in neurology, a cluster or group of neuron cell bodies located within the CNS

79
Q

Folia

A

Small page-like gyri of the cerebellum

80
Q

Gyrus

A

Tortuous convolution. Usually found between sulci or/and fissures of the cerebrum

81
Q

Sulcus

A

A relatively shallow grove (infolding)

82
Q

Fissure

A

A relatively deep groove ( infolding)

83
Q

Recticular

A

Net-like

84
Q

Rectus

A

Means straight

85
Q

Striae (striatal)

A

A groove or strak-like information

86
Q

Arcuate

A

Arranged like an arch

87
Q

Dentate

A

Notched or toothlike

88
Q

Neonate

A

The newborn infant

89
Q

Fetus

A

Name applied to the eveloping human after the second month through parturition

90
Q

Embryo

A

the name given to developing human prior to the end of the second month of gestation

91
Q

epiphysis cerebri

A

pineal gland

92
Q

hypophysis cerebri

A

pituitary gland

93
Q

neurohypophysis

A

posterior pituitary

94
Q

adenohypophysis

A

The anterior and intermediate portions of the pituitary gland

95
Q

Homo sapiens

A

Proper way to write the genus and species of man

96
Q

Primate

A

Order in which man is classified

97
Q

Mammalia

A

Class in which man is classified

98
Q

Vertebrata

A

Subphylum in which man is classified

99
Q

Chordata

A

Phylum in which man is classified

Neuroanatomy 1 (1 decks)

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