Appendix A Flashcards
1
Q
whitish appering PNS structures filled with neuron fibers which innervate the body’s parts.
A
Nerve
2
Q
ACH
A
acetylcholine
3
Q
GABA
A
gamma-aminobutyric acid
4
Q
ALS
A
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
5
Q
M.S.
A
multiple sclerosis
6
Q
M.O.
A
medulla oblongata
7
Q
PET
A
positron emission tomography
8
Q
MRI
A
magnetic resonance imaging
9
Q
CAT
A
computerized axial tomography
10
Q
EEG
A
electroencephalogram
11
Q
IVF
A
intervertebral foramen
12
Q
DRG
A
dorsal root ganglia
13
Q
TIA
A
transient ischemic attack
14
Q
CVA
A
cerebrovascular accident
15
Q
CSF
A
cerebrospinal fluid
16
Q
BBB
A
blood brain barrier
17
Q
Pons
A
bridge. located between the M.O. and the midbrain
18
Q
Pallium
A
To cloak; used synonymously with “cortex”
19
Q
Operculum
A
Means lid or covering
20
Q
Micron
A
a unit of length
21
Q
Glial
A
glue
22
Q
Foramen
A
opening
23
Q
Fenestra
A
window like
24
Q
Falx
A
sickle-shaped
25
Cytoarchitecture
The pattern of cell arrangements
26
Crus
leg
27
Cornu
Horn-shaped process
28
cephalgia
headache
29
cuada equina
horse's tail
30
Neo
new, recent
31
Paleo
Prefix meaning "old" - similar to but not used interchangeably with "Archi" in the CNS
32
Archi
Prefix meaning beginning or original
33
Dysphasia
A partial or unusual loss of communicative ability
34
Aphasia
inability to communicate by speech, writing, or signs
35
Paralysis
temporary or permanent loss of motor control
36
Ataxia
General term for irregularity in skeletal muscle coordination
37
myelography
radiography of the spinal cord and nerve roots
38
Angiography
radiographic imaging of blood vessels
39
Stroke
Blood vascular loss in the CNS leading to permanent or prolonged brain damage
40
Aneurysm
An abnormal dilation of a blood vessel wall and its lumen
41
Hematoma
An accumulation of blood outside of the blood vessels
42
Ischemia
Means to suppress blood supply to an area. This results in abnormal function and may lead to necrosis
43
Idiopathic
Generally used to mean something of unknown cause
44
Metastatic
Transferring to other tissue
45
Malignant
Spreading life threatening neoplasm
46
Neoplasm (tumor)
Any new abnormal growth
47
Necrosis
death of cells or tissues
48
Myelopathy
Lesion of the spinal cord
49
Lesion
Any type of injury, damage or "hurt"
50
Fugal
Traveling away from
51
Retrograde
Going backward. In neurology often refers to going toward the cell body
52
Anterograde
Going forward. In neurology often refers to going away from the neuron cell body
53
Ipsilateral
On the same side
54
Contralateral
to the opposite side
55
Decussation
A crossing - used more liberally to indicate crossing of fibers and tracts in the CNS
56
Chiasma
A crossing, usually relating to the crossing of optic fibers
57
Cholinergic
The releasing of choline-like (acetylcholine) molecules at a target site
58
Adrenergic
The releasing of adrenalin-like (norepinephrine included) molecules at a target site
59
Kinesthesia
The modality of conscious awareness of body position and muscle movement
60
Proprioception
The modality of conscious awareness of body position and muscle movement
61
Modality
A specific sensory entity, such as gustatory (taste), olfaction (smell), pain, etc.
62
Somesthetic
To sense the body
63
Pachymeninx
thin membrane
64
Leptomeninix
thick membrane
65
Aqueduct
Passageway
66
Central canal
A tiny channel found within the spinal cord and inferior medulla oblongata
67
Vertebral canal (Neural Canal)
Passageway created by the contiuous nature of vertebral foramina
68
Neurilemma
A covering around a neuron fiber created by a surrounding cell (it may or may not e myelinated))
69
Axolemma
Name often applied to the outer plasma membrane of an axon
70
Ramus
Literally means a branch.
71
Fiber
If a neuron has a dominately long process (dentrite or axon) that process can be called a
72
Dentrite
A processs of a neron which carries a charge or impulse toward the cell body
73
Hillock
A small prominence or elevation
74
Axon
A process of a neuron which carries a charge or impulse away the cell body
75
Perikaryon
Used synonymously with the cell body (soma) of the neuron
76
Neuron
nerve cell
77
Ganglia
A cluster or group of neuron cell bodies within the PNS
78
Nuclei
As used in neurology, a cluster or group of neuron cell bodies located within the CNS
79
Folia
Small page-like gyri of the cerebellum
80
Gyrus
Tortuous convolution. Usually found between sulci or/and fissures of the cerebrum
81
Sulcus
A relatively shallow grove (infolding)
82
Fissure
A relatively deep groove ( infolding)
83
Recticular
Net-like
84
Rectus
Means straight
85
Striae (striatal)
A groove or strak-like information
86
Arcuate
Arranged like an arch
87
Dentate
Notched or toothlike
88
Neonate
The newborn infant
89
Fetus
Name applied to the eveloping human after the second month through parturition
90
Embryo
the name given to developing human prior to the end of the second month of gestation
91
epiphysis cerebri
pineal gland
92
hypophysis cerebri
pituitary gland
93
neurohypophysis
posterior pituitary
94
adenohypophysis
The anterior and intermediate portions of the pituitary gland
95
Homo sapiens
Proper way to write the genus and species of man
96
Primate
Order in which man is classified
97
Mammalia
Class in which man is classified
98
Vertebrata
Subphylum in which man is classified
99
Chordata
Phylum in which man is classified
