Application of Dental Materials Flashcards by sophie rosen

BIOCOMPATIBILITY

WORKS BOTH WAYS-

MATERIAL MAY
AFFECT THE ENVIROMENT AND/OR
THE ENVIROMENT MAY AFFECT THE
MATERIAL.

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BIOCOMPATIBILITY
THE MATERIAL MUST BE OF BENEFIT
TO THE PATIENT AND ABOVE
ALL,THE PATIENT MUST

BE SAFE

FROM ANY ADVERSE REACTIONS.

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THE BIOLOGICAL REACTION CAN TAKE PLACE

EITHER AT A

LOCAL LEVEL ( injection site) OR
FAR REMOVED FROM THE SITE OF CONTACT (i.e.,
systemically-adverse Rx from acrylic monomer
in a denture- (denture stomatitis).

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BIOCOMPATIBILITY

SYSTEMICALLY MAY NOT ALWAYS BE

READILY
APPARENT-DERMATOLOGICAL,IMMUNE-
MEDIATED,OR NEURAL REACTIONS.

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BIOCOMPATIBILITY

MOST COMMON Rx to DENTAL STAFF IS- (2)

hand/facial dermatitis or respiratory symptoms.

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POSSIBLE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN DENTAL
RESTORATIVE MATERIAL AND THE BIOLOGICAL
ENVIROMENT INCLUDE: (4)

 1. POSTOPERATIVE SENSITIVITY
 2. TOXICITY-Nanomaterials(size of 1-00nm)
growing concern about their Biosecurity &
crossing the blood-brain barrier and going to the
Central Nervous System.
 3. CORROSION
 4. HYPERSENSITIVITY/ALLERGY-Amalgam
or its components may cause Type IV ( usually
24-48 hours after exposure) on the oral mucosa

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Contact allergies
to dental
materials: (4)

 86 subjects-83.7% women
 Average age 63 years (24-86)
 Most common allergies were to metals, of which
nickel and cobalt were the most common
allergens.
 Denture resins showed mucosal changes,
contact stomatitis(54.4%) & burning sensations
of the mouth were mostly reported.

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SOME PATIENTS CAN DEVELOP (2)

ALLERGIC OR
HYPERSENSITIVE REACTIONS TO EVEN VERY
SMALL QUANTITES OF METAL

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SOME PATIENTS CAN DEVELOP ALLERGIC OR
HYPERSENSITIVE REACTIONS TO EVEN VERY
SMALL QUANTITES OF METAL SUCH AS : (4)

 MERCURY
 OOL
 NICKEL
 COBALT

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 MERCURY-

direct contact of oral mucosa with
this material can cause oral lichenoid
lesions(OLL)*.

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 OOL-

chronic inflammatory lesion on the oral
mucosa. Dental materials, certain medications,
patients with systemic diseases, chronic
hepatitis.

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 NICKEL-

ask patient if they can wear costume

jewelry.

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skipped

 COBALT-

2017 UK-metal-on-metal hip implant
failure. Complications after revision due to
cobalt and chromium toxicity.

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MUCOSAL MELANOMA OF THE ORAL CAVITY IS A RARE. BUT IS

A HIGHLY AGGRESSIVE NEOPLASM-NEED TO KNOW THE MORE

FREQUENT Dx’s.

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— is one of the most common causes of
allergic contact dermatitis and produces more
allergic reactions than all other metals
combined.

Nickel

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Several brands of orthodontic wires are made

nickel titanium alloy

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Non-precious metal crowns contain high levels

of nickel. Some as high as —%

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DENTAL PRACTIONERS ARE ULTIMATELY

RESPONSIBLE FOR THE

MATERIALS TO WHICH A

PATIENT WILL BE EXPOSED.

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SARGENTI PASTE FOR ROOT CANALS-

paraformaldehyde

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 YOU MUST HAVE A KNOWLEDGE AND
UNDERSTANDING OF THE COMPOSITION OF THE
MATERIALS TO BE USED AND HOW THESE MIGHT
AFFECT THE PATIENT. (2)

 SAFEST & MOST EFFECTIVE
 PLEASE READ AND UNDERSTAND ALL INSERTS
THAT COME WITH MATERIALS

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MATERIALS CAN CAUSE IRREVERSIBLE DAMAGE-CAUSING 
DESTRUCTION OF (5)

CONNECTIVE TISSUE,BONE,NERVES,CHRONIC

INFECTION & PAIN.

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CONNECTIVE TISSUE,BONE,NERVES,CHRONIC
INFECTION & PAIN. MATERIAL CAN TRAVEL THROUGHOUT THE
BODY- (5)

BLOOD, LYMPH NODES,ADRENAL GLADS,KIDNEY,BRAIN

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AOMT-

International Academy of Oral Medicine & Toxicology. www.IAOMT.org-states they are the LEADERS is Science-Based Biological Dentistry.

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If you wish to remove mercury amalgams, fillings or metal-based crowns it is recommended to use an IAOMT dentist certified in the

Safe Mercury Amalgam Technique (SMART)

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HAD-

Holistic Dental Association-Improving overall health through dentistry

SOME MATERIALS HAVE A DISTINCTLY POSTIVE | EFFECT ON THE

PULP

CALCIUM HYDROXIDE – stimulates

tertiary dentin formation

SINCE A RESTORATION MAY HAVE AN ADVERSE EFFECT ON THE PULP, A RANGE OF MATERIALS TERMED INTERMEDIATE RESTORATIVE MATERIALS (IRMs) HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED TO

BE APPLIED TO THE DENTIN PRIOR TO THE PLACEMENT OF THE FINAL RESTORATION.

INTERMEDIATE RESTORATIVE MATERIALS ``` THESE MATERIALS INCLUDE CAVITY (3) AND ARE INTENDED TO REMAIN IN PLACE --- ,THESE MATERIALS SHOULD NOT BE CONFUSED WITH --- RESTORATIVE MATERIALS. ```

VARNISHES, BASES AND LINERS PERMANENTLY TEMPORARY

INTERMEDIATE RESTORATIVE MATERIALS THEIR ROLE MAY BE (3)

PROTECTIVE, PALLIATIVE | OR THERAPEUTIC

INTERMEDIATE RESTORATIVE MATERIALS GOAL IS TO PROTECT THE PULP FROM (3)

 CHEMICAL  ELECTRICAL-Galvanic Shock-dissimilar metals  THERMAL

INTERMEDIATE RESTORATIVE MATERIALS AN EXAMPLE IS-

zinc oxide-eugenol(ZOE)- sedative like qualities on hypersensitive pulp and is a good thermal insulator as well.

INTERMEDIATE RESTORATIVE MATERIAL | acts as a

thermal insulator

INTERMEDIATE RESTORATIVE MATERIAL | excellent

abrasion resistance

INTERMEDIATE RESTORATIVE MATERIAL | good --- properties

sealing

INTERMEDIATE RESTORATIVE MATERIAL | low

solubility

INTERMEDIATE RESTORATIVE MATERIAL | may be used under (2) so that (3)``

``` cements and restorative materials that do not contain resin components such as: • amalgams • inlays • onlay ```

``` INTERMEDIATAE RESTORATIVE MATERIAL- things to consider: (4) ```

``` THE MATERIAL SHOULD NOT DISCOLOR THE TOOTH OR RESTORATION. SHOULD HARDEN QUICK ENOUGH TO ALLOW SUBSEQUENT INSERTION OF THE RESTORATION. SHOULD WITHSTAND THE CONDENSATION OF THE OVER LAYING RESTORATION SHOULD BE EASILY MANIPULATED-WHAT WORKS FOR YOU. ```

LINERS AND BASES ARE MATERIALS PLACED BETWEEN DENTIN (and sometimes pulp) AND THE RESTORATION TO PROVIDE (2)

PULPAL | PROTECTION OR PULPAL RESPONSE.

PROTECTIVE NEEDS FOR A | RESTORATION VARY DEPENDING ON (2)

THE EXTENT AND LOCATION OF THE PREPARATION AND THE RESTORATIVE MATERIAL TO BE USED.

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LINER OR BASE SELECTED ARE DETERMINED LARGELY BY THE

PURPOSE IT IS | EXPECTED TO SERVE.

BECAUSE THEY SHARE SIMILAR OBJECTIVES/PROPERTIES, LINERS AND BASES ARE NOT FULLY

DISTINGUISHABLE IN ALL CASES, BUT | SOME GENERALIZATIONS CAN BE MADE.

BASES-

thick mix of material which is placed in bulk. Used as a dentin replacement to minimize final restorative material.

bases are used to

block out undercuts

LINERS-

only applied as a thin coating over | exposed dentin.

CAVITY BASES vs LINERS Less than --- thick and is able to promote the health of the pulp by

0.5mm adhesion or antibacterial action

LINERS: Primary role is to

protect | the pulp

lines | Forms a

strong bond to dentin, preventing fluid movement down the dentinal tubules

liners | Provides a

bacterial barrier.

liners | Sustained --- release

fluoride

VITREBOND-

light Cure Resin-modified Glass Ionomer. Liner/Base. Can be used under composite, amalgam, metal and ceramic restorations IT IS NOT INDICATED FOR DIRECT PULP CAPPING

CALCIUM HYDROXIDE- Ca(OH)2-

highly alkaline | with a pH of 11-12.5

liners | Bactericidal activity-

retains its anti-bacterial | properties for about 2 months.

liners | Formation of -- dentin.

tertiary

liners | used for

direct and indirect pulp capping

DYCAL-

Calcium Hydroxide Liner. | CAN BE SELF CURING OR LIGHT CURED

VARNISHES-

A natural gum (Copal),rosin, or synthetic resin | dissolved in organic solvent.

VARNISHES- Has some (2) properties.

antimicrobial and antiviral

VARNISHES- | Easily seeps into

open dental tubules and

VARNISHES- | Prevents

transfer of heat and cold to the | dentin and pulp

VARNISHES- We use --- instead of varnishes at the SOD.

vitrebond

VARNISHES | Not to be used under (2)

``` composite restorations (interferes with the setting reaction) ``` Glass Ionomer’s (interferes/prevents fluoride release).

COPALITE-

Used as an insulating layer under gold | and amalgam restorations.

SHALLOW TOOTH PREP-

place nothing, | vitrebond, or varnish.

MODERATE DEPTH-

liners may be placed for thermal protection and pulpal medication along with varnish

VERY DEEP-

liner may be Calcium Hydroxide, then the base Vitrebond OR IRM.

Application of Dental Materials Flashcards

(66 cards)