Applied Science

Question 1

What is a Neuron/Nerve Cell?

Answer 1

The most fundamental component of the brain and nervous system

Question 2

What is an Axon?

Answer 2

The thin tail like structure of a neuron that generates and conducts nerve impulses

Question 3

What are Dendrites?

Answer 3

rootlike structures branching out from the cell body that receive and process signals from the axons of other neurons.

Question 4

What is the function of Neurosecretory tissues?

Answer 4

Translate neural signals into chemical stimuli. These tissues make neurohormones, hormones produced and released by nerve cells that are released into the blood stream.

Question 5

What is Nervous tissue?

Answer 5

Tissue found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves that coordinate body activities

Question 6

What are Neuroglia?

Answer 6

Cells in the brain and spinal cord that that form a supporting structure for the neurons and provide them with insulation

Question 7

What is a Decussation?

Answer 7

The point of crossover of the nervous system in vertrebrates located between the between the medulla oblongata and the spinal cord

Question 8

What is the Hypothalamus?

Answer 8

the region at tghe base of the brain that is responsible for maintaining homeostasis

Question 9

What is Homeostasis?

Answer 9

a self-regulating process by which the body maintains the stability of its physiological processes for the purpose of optimal function

Question 10

The human body is organized in the following structures (smallest to largest)

Answer 10

Atoms > Cells > tissues > organs > Organ Systems> Organism

Question 11

Classifications of Neurons ( List and describe)

Answer 11

Sensory Neurons: nerve cells involved in communicating tactile, auditory, or visual information

Motor Neurons: neurons that initiate muscle contraction or activate glands

Interneurons: Nerve cells that connect neurons to other neurons

Question 12

Interneurons

Answer 12

Nerve cells that connect neurons to other neurons

Question 13

Motor Neurons

Answer 13

neurons that initiate muscle contraction or activate glands

Question 14

Sensory Neurons

Answer 14

nerve cells involved in communicating tactile, auditory, or visual information

Question 15

What are the main lobes of the brain?

Answer 15

Frontal lobe: the brain lobe involved in motor control, emotion, and language.

• motor cortex: the region of the frontal lobe that plans and coordinates movement.
• prefrontal cortex: the part of the frontal lobe responsible for high level thinking and language.

Parietal lobe: the brain lobe involved in processing sensory information
-somatosensory cortex: the region of the parietal lobe responsible for processing sensations such as temperature, pain, and touch

Temporal lobe: the lateral lobe of the brain responsible for hearing, memory and emotion.
-Auditory cortex: the region of the temporal lobe responsible for hearing

Occipital lobe: the posterior lobe of the brain responsible for vision
Visual cortex: the specific region of the occipital lobe responsible for sight and visual perception.

Question 16

Frontal lobe

Answer 16

the brain lobe involved in motor control, emotion, and language.

Question 17

motor cortex:

Answer 17

the region of the frontal lobe that plans and coordinates movement.

Question 18

prefrontal cortex

Answer 18

the part of the frontal lobe responsible for high level thinking and language.

Question 19

Parietal lobe

Answer 19

the brain lobe involved in processing sensory information

Question 20

somatosensory cortex

Answer 20

the region of the parietal lobe responsible for processing sensations such as temperature, pain, and touch

Question 21

Temporal lobe

Answer 21

the lateral lobe of the brain responsible for hearing, memory and emotion.

Question 22

Auditory cortex

Answer 22

the region of the temporal lobe responsible for hearing

Question 23

Occipital lobe

Answer 23

the posterior lobe of the brain responsible for vision

Question 24

Visual cortex:

Answer 24

the specific region of the occipital lobe responsible for sight and visual perception.

Question 25

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Answer 25

The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord; receives sensory input and organizes, analyzes, and processes neural information .

Question 26

Cerebrum

Answer 26

the uppermost and largest part of brain, consisting of left and right hemispheres, responsible for recieving sensory information and controlling the body.

Question 27

Brain stem

Answer 27

the trunk of the brain, consisting of the medulla oblongata, the pons, and midbrain that continues downawrd from the spinal cord

Question 28

Cerebral cortex

Answer 28

the part of the brain where neural integration occurs

Question 29

Midbrain

Answer 29

the brain region responsible for motor movement and processing auditory and visual information

Question 30

Pons

Answer 30

the brain region responsible for posture, facial movement, and sleep

Question 31

Medulla oblongata

Answer 31

the base of the brain stem, responsible for involuntary functions such as swallowing, sneezing, and heart function.

Question 32

Thalamus

Answer 32

the brain region responsible for relaying sensory and motor systems and regulating consciousness

Question 33

Spinal cord

Answer 33

The neural tissue extending from the medulla oblongata to the lumbar region (lower back)of the vertebral column that connect the body and brain

Question 34

Cerebellum

Answer 34

The region of the brain responsible for conscious motor coordination.