Approach to patients with CNS disorders Flashcards
Frontal lobe is involved in =
Intellectual function Praxis Motor function Inhibition Bladder continence Saccadic eye movements Broca's area - expression of language
Praxis =
Conception and planning of a new action, the performance of an action
Difficulty in activites requiring coordination and movement =
Dyspraxia
Internal capsule separates =
Thalamus, caudate nucleus and globus pallidus/putamen
In the motor homonculus, what is most lateral?
Face - arm
In the motor homonculus what is msot medial?
Lower limb
Pre-central gyrus =
Primary motor cortex
Post-central gyrus =
Primary sensory cortex
Problem with Broca’s area =
Expressive dysphasia
Where does the majority of the corticospinal tract decussate?
Medullary pyramids
What does the corticospinal tract split into?
Lateral, anterior
Lateral corticospinal tract =
Distal, fine movements (voluntary)
Anterior corticospinal tract =
Proximal muscles
lesion in the right motor cortex/right internal capsule will lead to what?
left sided upper motor neurone weakness
Lesion to right cranial nerve nuclei in brainstem causes:
Right sided lower motor neurone weakness
Temporal lobe is involved in:
Memory Smell Auditory cortex Vestibular Emotion Wernickes
Occipital lobe is involved in:
Vision
Lesion in the occipital lobe causes what?
Contralateral homonymous hemianopia
Parietal lobe is involved in:
Sensory integration
Wernickes area problem =
Expressive dysphasia
Dysphasia vs dysarthria =
Dysphasia = langusage Dysarthria = words
Lesion in dominant parietal lobe:
Dyslexia
Acalculia
Poor left-right discrimination
Agnosia
Spinothalamic tract carries what modalities:
Pain, temperature, crude touch
Spinothalamic tract splits into
Anterior (crude touch)
Lateral (pain, temp)
Where does the spinothalamic tract decussate?
About 2 spinal levels above entry - early!
DCML carries what modalities
Fine touch, pressure, vibration