APPROACHES Flashcards
(12 cards)
What are the 6 approaches?
Behaviourist
Social Learning
Cognitive
Biological
Psychodynamic
Humanistic
What is the overview of basic assumptions for the BEHAVIOURIST approach? Give 3/3
1) External forces in environment shape behaviour (ie. it’s determined)
2) Emphasis on the role of NURTURE 👩🍼 more than nature
3) Behaviourism aligns strongly w/ the scientific method
What is the overview of basic assumptions for the SOCIAL LEARNING approach? Give 3/3
1) Behaviour is learned as a result of the observations of others (ie. it’s determined)
2) Emphasis on the role of NURTURE 👩🍼 more than nature
3) Social learning aligns strongly w/ the scientific method but research can lack validity
What is the overview of basic assumptions for the COGNITIVE approach? Give 3/3
1) Thought processes determine behaviour (ie. Some degree of control over behaviour)
2) Emphasis on the role of nature AND nurture
3) Cognitive psychology aligns strongly w/ the scientific method despite some interference
What is the overview of basic assumptions for the BIOLOGICAL approach? Give 3/3
1) Physiological and/ or inherited factors determine behaviour
2) Emphasis on the role of NATURE 🌴 more than nurture
3) Biological psychology aligns strongly w/ the scientific method
What is the overview of basic assumptions for the PSYCHODYNAMIC approach? Give 3/3
1) Unconscious factors beyond our conscious control determine behaviour
2) Emphasis on the role of nature AND nurture
3) Psychodynamic psychology doesn’t really align w/ the scientific method.
What is the overview of basic assumptions for the HUMANISTIC approach? Give 3/3
1) Behaviour is under our conscious control (ie. we have free will)
2) Emphasis on the role of nature AND nurture
3) Humanistic psychology mostly rejects the scientific method
What is the behaviourist and social learning VIEW ON DEVELOPMENT?
Don’t offer coherent stage theories of development, but instead see the processes that underpin learning as continuous, occurring at any age.
What is the cognitive VIEW ON DEVELOPMENT?
Stage theories within the approach have contributed to our under of child development.
eg. children form increasingly complex concepts (schema) as they get older, as part of their intellectual development
What is the biological VIEW ON DEVELOPMENT?
Maturation is an important principle, whereby genetically determined changes in a child’s physiological status influence psychological health.
What is the psychodynamic VIEW ON DEVELOPMENT?
In terms of child development, it ties its concepts and processes to specific (psychosexual) stages determined by age.
Freud saw little further development after the genital stage as a teen.
What is the humanistic VIEW ON DEVELOPMENT?
Development of the self as ongoing throughout life; a child’s relationship with its parents is seen as a key determinant of psychological health.
